echo(1)

echo1

Display a line of text

Usage

echo [SHORT-OPTION] ... [STRING] ...

echo LONG-OPTION

Overview

Echo the STRING(s) to standard output.

-n

do not output the trailing newline

-e

enable interpretation of backslash escapes

-E

disable interpretation of backslash escapes (default)

--help

display this help and exit

--version

output version information and exit

If -e is in effect, the following sequences are recognized:

\\

backslash

\a

alert (bell)

\b

backspace

\c

produce no further output

\e

escape

\f

form feed

\n

new line

\r

carriage return

\t

horizontal tab

\v

vertical tab

\0NNN

byte with octal value NNN (1 to 3 digits)

\xHH

byte with hexadecimal value HH (1 to 2 digits)

Your shell may have its own version of echo, which usually supersedes the version described here. Please refer to your shell's documentation for details about the options it supports.

Consider using the printf(1) command instead, as it avoids problems when outputting option-like strings.

Releases

19 releases since Debian 1.1 (Buzz); the text changed 15 times.

  1. 1.1–1.2
  2. 1.3–2.1
  3. 2.2
  4. 3.0
  5. 3.1
  6. 4.0
  7. 5.0
  8. 6.0
  9. 7
  10. 8
  11. 9
  12. 10
  13. 11
  14. 12
  15. 13
  16. Arch

-E since Debian 4.0 (Etch).

Author

Written by Brian Fox and Chet Ramey.

Reporting bugs

Report bugs to: <[email protected]>.
Report any translation bugs to: <https://translationproject.org/team/>.
GNU coreutils home page: <https://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils/>
General help using GNU software: <https://www.gnu.org/gethelp/>

From coreutils 9.12-2 in Arch Linux 2026-11-01. Parsed by carta from the page's man source.