---
name: "ral"
section: "4"
platform: "linux"
package: "freebsd-manpages"
version: "6.0-5"
release: "Debian 4.0 (Etch)"
platforms: ["linux", "freebsd", "openbsd"]
url: "https://new.carta.tech/ral"
---

# ral(4)

Ralink Technology RT2500 IEEE 802.11 driver

## NAME

**ral** – Ralink Technology RT2500 IEEE 802.11 driver

## SYNOPSIS

To compile support for the

**ral** driver into your kernel, place the following lines in your kernel configuration file:

**device ral** **device wlan**

Alternatively, to load the

**ral** driver at boot time, place the following line in [loader.conf(5)](/loader.conf/5.md):

```
if_ral_load="YES"
```

## DESCRIPTION

The **ral** driver supports PCI/CardBus wireless adapters based on the Ralink RT2500 chipset.

The RT2500 chipset consists of two integrated chips, a RT2560 MAC/BBP and a radio transceiver (the model of which depends on the card revision).

The RT2522, RT2523, RT2524, RT2525, RT2525e and RT2526 radio transceivers operate in the 2.4GHz band (802.11b/g) whereas the RT5222 is a dual-band radio transceiver that can operate in the 2.4GHz and 5.2GHz bands (802.11a).

The transmit speed is user-selectable or can be adapted automatically by the driver depending on the received-signal strength.

## HARDWARE

The following adapters should work:

| | |
| --- | --- |
| *Card* | *Bus* |
| A-Link WL54H | PCI |
| A-Link WL54PC | CardBus |
| Amigo AWI-914W | CardBus |
| Amigo AWI-922W | mini-PCI |
| Amigo AWI-926W | PCI |
| AMIT WL531C | CardBus |
| AMIT WL531P | PCI |
| AOpen AOI-831 | PCI |
| ASUS WL-107G | CardBus |
| ASUS WL-130g | PCI |
| Atlantis Land A02-PCI-W54 | PCI |
| Atlantis Land A02-PCM-W54 | CardBus |
| Belkin F5D7000 v3 | PCI |
| Belkin F5D7010 v2 | CardBus |
| Billionton MIWLGRL | mini-PCI |
| Canyon CN-WF511 | PCI |
| Canyon CN-WF513 | CardBus |
| CC&C WL-2102 | CardBus |
| CNet CWC-854 | CardBus |
| CNet CWP-854 | PCI |
| Compex WL54G | CardBus |
| Compex WLP54G | PCI |
| Conceptronic C54RC | CardBus |
| Conceptronic C54Ri | PCI |
| Digitus DN-7001G-RA | CardBus |
| Digitus DN-7006G-RA | PCI |
| E-Tech WGPC02 | CardBus |
| E-Tech WGPI02 | PCI |
| Edimax EW-7108PCg | CardBus |
| Edimax EW-7128g | PCI |
| Eminent EM3036 | CardBus |
| Eminent EM3037 | PCI |
| Encore ENLWI-G-RLAM | PCI |
| Encore ENPWI-G-RLAM | CardBus |
| Fiberline WL-400P | PCI |
| Fibreline WL-400X | CardBus |
| Gigabyte GN-WIKG | mini-PCI |
| Gigabyte GN-WMKG | CardBus |
| Gigabyte GN-WPKG | PCI |
| Hawking HWC54GR | CardBus |
| Hawking HWP54GR | PCI |
| iNexQ CR054g-009 (R03) | PCI |
| JAHT WN-4054P | CardBus |
| JAHT WN-4054PCI | PCI |
| LevelOne WNC-0301 v2 | PCI |
| LevelOne WPC-0301 v2 | CardBus |
| Linksys WMP54G v4 | PCI |
| Micronet SP906GK | PCI |
| Micronet SP908GK V3 | CardBus |
| Minitar MN54GCB-R | CardBus |
| Minitar MN54GPC-R | PCI |
| MSI CB54G2 | CardBus |
| MSI MP54G2 | mini-PCI |
| MSI PC54G2 | PCI |
| OvisLink EVO-W54PCI | PCI |
| PheeNet HWL-PCIG/RA | PCI |
| Pro-Nets CB80211G | CardBus |
| Pro-Nets PC80211G | PCI |
| Repotec RP-WB7108 | CardBus |
| Repotec RP-WP0854 | PCI |
| SATech SN-54C | CardBus |
| SATech SN-54P | PCI |
| Sitecom WL-112 | CardBus |
| Sitecom WL-115 | PCI |
| SparkLAN WL-685R | CardBus |
| Surecom EP-9321-g | PCI |
| Surecom EP-9321-g1 | PCI |
| Surecom EP-9428-g | CardBus |
| Sweex LC500050 | CardBus |
| Sweex LC700030 | PCI |
| TekComm NE-9321-g | PCI |
| TekComm NE-9428-g | CardBus |
| Unex CR054g-R02 | PCI |
| Unex MR054g-R02 | CardBus |
| Zinwell ZWX-G160 | CardBus |
| Zinwell ZWX-G360 | mini-PCI |
| Zinwell ZWX-G361 | PCI |
| Zonet ZEW1500 | CardBus |
| Zonet ZEW1600 | PCI |

An up to date list can be found at *http://damien.bergamini.free.fr/ral/list.html*.

## EXAMPLES

Join an existing BSS network (i.e., connect to an access point):

```
ifconfig ral0 inet 192.168.0.20 netmask 0xffffff00
```

Join a specific BSS network with network name “my\_net”:

```
ifconfig ral0 inet 192.168.0.20 netmask 0xffffff00 ssid my_net
```

Join a specific BSS network with 40-bit WEP encryption:

```
ifconfig ral0 inet 192.168.0.20 netmask 0xffffff00 ssid my_net \
    wepmode on wepkey 0x1234567890
```

Join a specific BSS network with 104-bit WEP encryption:

```
ifconfig ral0 inet 192.168.0.20 netmask 0xffffff00 ssid my_net \
    wepmode on wepkey 0x01020304050607080910111213
```

## DIAGNOSTICS

- ral%d: device timeout

  The driver will reset the hardware. This should not happen.

## SEE ALSO

[arp(4)](/arp/4.md), [cardbus(4)](/cardbus/4.md), [netintro(4)](/netintro/4.md), [pci(4)](/pci/4.md), [wlan(4)](/wlan/4.md), [ifconfig(8)](/ifconfig/8.md) *Ralink Technology*, http://www.ralinktech.com/.

## HISTORY

The **ral** driver first appeared in OpenBSD 3.7.

## CAVEATS

PCI **ral** adapters seem to require a PCI 2.2 compliant motherboard and will likely not work with PCI 2.1 only motherboard.

## AUTHORS

The **ral** driver was written by Damien Bergamini ⟨damien@FreeBSD.org⟩.