---
name: "pmeth"
section: "1p"
platform: "linux"
package: "pmtools"
version: "2.2.0-3"
release: "Debian 13 (Trixie)"
platforms: ["linux"]
url: "https://new.carta.tech/pmeth"
---

# pmeth(1p)

show a Perl class's methods

## NAME

pmeth - show a Perl class's methods

## DESCRIPTION

Given a class name, print out all methods available to that class. It does this by loading in the class module, and walking its symbol table and those of its ancestor classes.  A regular method call shows up simply:

```
    $ pmeth IO::Socket | grep '^con'
    confess
    configure
    connect
    connected
```

But one that came from else where is noted with one or more "via" notations:

```
    DESTROY via IO::Handle
    export via Exporter via IO::Handle
```

A base-class method that is unavailable due to being hidden by a close derived-class method by the same name (but accessible via SUPER::) is indicated by a leading "\[overridden\]" before it:

```
    [overridden] new via IO::Handle
```

Constants declared via constant have a leading "\[constant\]" added to the output, but XS `"define"`'s are not yet so flagged.

## EXAMPLES

```
    $ pmeth IO::Socket
    AF_INET
    AF_UNIX
    INADDR_ANY
    INADDR_BROADCAST
    INADDR_LOOPBACK
    INADDR_NONE
    SOCK_DGRAM
    SOCK_RAW
    SOCK_STREAM
    accept
    bind
    carp
    confess
    configure
    connect
    connected
    croak
    getsockopt
    import
    inet_aton
    inet_ntoa
    listen
    new
    pack_sockaddr_in
    pack_sockaddr_un
    peername
    protocol
    recv
    register_domain
    send
    setsockopt
    shutdown
    sockaddr_in
    sockaddr_un
    sockdomain
    socket
    socketpair
    sockname
    sockopt
    socktype
    timeout
    unpack_sockaddr_in
    unpack_sockaddr_un
    DESTROY via IO::Handle
    SEEK_CUR via IO::Handle
    SEEK_END via IO::Handle
    SEEK_SET via IO::Handle
    _IOFBF via IO::Handle
    _IOLBF via IO::Handle
    _IONBF via IO::Handle
    _open_mode_string via IO::Handle
    autoflush via IO::Handle
    blocking via IO::Handle
    [overridden] carp via IO::Handle
    clearerr via IO::Handle
    close via IO::Handle
    [overridden] confess via IO::Handle
    constant via IO::Handle
    [overridden] croak via IO::Handle
    eof via IO::Handle
    error via IO::Handle
    fcntl via IO::Handle
    fdopen via IO::Handle
    fileno via IO::Handle
    flush via IO::Handle
    format_formfeed via IO::Handle
    format_line_break_characters via IO::Handle
    format_lines_left via IO::Handle
    format_lines_per_page via IO::Handle
    format_name via IO::Handle
    format_page_number via IO::Handle
    format_top_name via IO::Handle
    format_write via IO::Handle
    formline via IO::Handle
    gensym via IO::Handle
    getc via IO::Handle
    getline via IO::Handle
    getlines via IO::Handle
    gets via IO::Handle
    input_line_number via IO::Handle
    input_record_separator via IO::Handle
    ioctl via IO::Handle
    [overridden] new via IO::Handle
    new_from_fd via IO::Handle
    opened via IO::Handle
    output_field_separator via IO::Handle
    output_record_separator via IO::Handle
    print via IO::Handle
    printf via IO::Handle
    printflush via IO::Handle
    qualify via IO::Handle
    qualify_to_ref via IO::Handle
    read via IO::Handle
    setbuf via IO::Handle
    setvbuf via IO::Handle
    stat via IO::Handle
    sync via IO::Handle
    sysread via IO::Handle
    syswrite via IO::Handle
    truncate via IO::Handle
    ungensym via IO::Handle
    ungetc via IO::Handle
    untaint via IO::Handle
    write via IO::Handle
    _push_tags via Exporter via IO::Handle
    export via Exporter via IO::Handle
    export_fail via Exporter via IO::Handle
    export_ok_tags via Exporter via IO::Handle
    export_tags via Exporter via IO::Handle
    export_to_level via Exporter via IO::Handle
    [overridden] import via Exporter via IO::Handle
    require_version via Exporter via IO::Handle
    VERSION via UNIVERSAL
    can via UNIVERSAL
    [overridden] import via UNIVERSAL
    isa via UNIVERSAL
```

## NOTE

Perl makes no distinction between functions, procedures, and methods, nor whether they are public or nominally private, nor whether a method is nominally a class method, an object method, or both.  They all show up as subs in the package namespace.  So if your class says `"use Carp"`, you just polluted your namespace with things like **croak()** and **confess()**, which will appear to be available as method calls on objects of your class.

## SEE ALSO

[**perltoot**(1)](/perltoot/1.md), [**perlobj**(1)](/perlobj/1.md)

## AUTHORS and COPYRIGHTS

Copyright (C) 1999 Tom Christiansen.

Copyright (C) 2006-2014 Mark Leighton Fisher.

## LICENSE

This is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the terms of either: (a) the GNU General Public License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 1, or (at your option) any later version, or (b) the Perl "Artistic License". (This is the Perl 5 licensing scheme.)

Please note this is a change from the original pmtools-1.00 (still available on CPAN), as pmtools-1.00 were licensed only under the Perl "Artistic License".