pm-gawk1

Usage

Overview

Gawk 5.2 and later supports a persistent memory feature that can store script-defined variables and functions in a file for later use. The feature, called pm-gawk, is described in GAWK: Effective AWK Programming and in Persistent Memory gawk User Manual.

pm-gawk is activated by passing to gawk the name of an initially empty (all-zero-bytes) heap file, via the environment variable GAWK_PERSIST_FILE. pm-gawk retains script-defined variables and functions in the heap file for use in subsequent gawk invocations.

pm-gawk offers at least two advantages compared with the existing rwarray extension: it offers constant-time (``O(1) time'') access to individual elements of persistent associative arrays, and it can store script-defined functions in addition to variables.

Examples

Demonstrate persistent variables:

$ truncate -s 1G heap.pma            # create heap file
$ export GAWK_PERSIST_FILE=heap.pma  # "ambient" env var
$ gawk 'BEGIN { print ++i }'
1
$ gawk 'BEGIN { print ++i }'
2
$ gawk 'BEGIN { print ++i }'
3

To pass the environment variable on per-command basis:

$ unset GAWK_PERSIST_FILE
$ GAWK_PERSIST_FILE=heap.pma gawk 'BEGIN { print ++i }'
4
$ GAWK_PERSIST_FILE=heap.pma gawk 'BEGIN { print ++i }'
5
$ GAWK_PERSIST_FILE=heap.pma gawk 'BEGIN { print ++i }'
6

To reduce visual clutter of per-command environment variable passing:

$ alias pm='GAWK_PERSIST_FILE=heap.pma'
$ pm gawk 'BEGIN { print ++i }'
7
$ pm gawk 'BEGIN { print ++i }'
8

To refrain from activating persistence:

$ unset GAWK_PERSIST_FILE
$ gawk 'BEGIN { print ++i }'
1
$ gawk 'BEGIN { print ++i }'
1

To permanently ``forget'' the contents of the heap file:

$ rm heap.pma

Environment

GAWK_PERSIST_FILE contains the name of a heap file where script-defined variables and functions are stored. If this environment variable is not visible to gawk, the persistence feature is not activated and gawk behaves in its traditional manner.

Version information

Persistent memory gawk was first released in gawk 5.2.

Caveats

The GNU/Linux CIFS filesystem is known to cause problems for the persistent memory allocator. Do not use a backing file on such a filesystem with pm-gawk.

pm-gawk produces a warning if the current version of gawk doesn't match the one that was first used with a particular backing storage file.

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Copyright © 2022 Terence Kelly.

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