---
name: "orders"
section: "7"
platform: "freebsd"
package: "base"
version: "16.0-CURRENT-20261027-61c70dc16a79"
release: "FreeBSD 16.0-CURRENT (2026-10-27)"
platforms: ["freebsd"]
url: "https://new.carta.tech/orders"
---

# orders(7)

orders of magnitude

## NAME

**orders** – orders of magnitude

## DESCRIPTION

The following table lists common multiples of bytes.

| | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| **Name** | **Prefix** | **Power** **of** **2** | **Power** **of** **10** |
| Kilobyte | kB | 2^10 | 10^3 |
| Megabyte | MB | 2^20 | 10^6 |
| Gigabyte | GB | 2^30 | 10^9 |
| Terabyte | TB | 2^40 | 10^12 |
| Petabyte | PB | 2^50 | 10^15 |
| Exabyte | EB | 2^60 | 10^18 |
| Zettabyte | ZB | 2^70 | 10^21 |
| Yottabyte | YB | 2^80 | 10^24 |
| Ronnabyte | RB | 2^90 | 10^27 |
| Quettabyte | QB | 2^100 | 10^30 |

The following table lists common bit rates as a power of ten.

| | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| **Name** | **Prefix** | **Bit** **per** **second** | **Byte** **per** **second** |
| Bit per second | bit/s | 1 | 0.125 |
| Byte per second | B/s | 8 | 1 |
| Kilobit per second | kbit/s | 10^3 | 125 |
| Kilobyte per second | kB/s | 8 \* 10^3 | 1000 |
| Megabit per second | Mbit/s | 10^6 | 125000 |
| Megabyte per second | MB/s | 8 \* 10^6 | 1000000 |
| Gigabit per second | Gbit/s | 10^9 | 125000000 |
| Gigabyte per second | GB/s | 8 \* 10^9 | 1000000000 |
| Terabit per second | Tbit/s | 10^12 | 125000000000 |
| Terabyte per second | TB/s | 8 \* 10^12 | 1000000000000 |

The following table lists common orders of magnitude as a power of ten.

| | | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| **Name** | **Order** | **Prefix** | **Symbol** | **Decimal** |
| Nonillionth | 10^-30 | quecto | q | 0.000000000000000000000000000001 |
| Octillionth | 10^-27 | ronto | r | 0.000000000000000000000000001 |
| Septillionth | 10^-24 | yocto | y | 0.000000000000000000000001 |
| Sextillionth | 10^-21 | zepto | z | 0.000000000000000000001 |
| Quintillionth | 10^-18 | atto | a | 0.000000000000000001 |
| Quadrillionth | 10^-15 | femto | f | 0.000000000000001 |
| Trillionth | 10^-12 | pico | p | 0.000000000001 |
| Billionth | 10^-9 | nano | n | 0.000000001 |
| Millionth | 10^-6 | micro | mu | 0.000001 |
| Thousandth | 10^-3 | milli | m | 0.001 |
| Hundredth | 10^-2 | centi | c | 0.01 |
| Tenth | 10^-1 | deci | d | 0.1 |
| One | 10^0 | - | - | 1 |
| Ten | 10^1 | deca | da | 10 |
| Hundred | 10^2 | hecto | h | 100 |
| Thousand | 10^3 | kilo | k | 1000 |
| Million | 10^6 | mega | M | 1000000 |
| Billion | 10^9 | giga | G | 1000000000 |
| Trillion | 10^12 | tera | T | 1000000000000 |
| Quadrillion | 10^15 | peta | P | 1000000000000000 |
| Quintillion | 10^18 | exa | E | 1000000000000000000 |
| Sextillion | 10^21 | zetta | Z | 1000000000000000000000 |
| Septillion | 10^24 | yotta | Y | 1000000000000000000000000 |
| Octillion | 10^27 | ronna | R | 1000000000000000000000000000 |
| Nonillion | 10^30 | quetta | Q | 1000000000000000000000000000000 |

## SEE ALSO

[units(1)](/units/1.md), [number(6)](/number/6.md)

## STANDARDS

There have been various attempts to standardize the set of binary prefixes. Organizations such as International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) have proposed new prefixes such as “kibi”, “mebi”, “gibi”, and “yobi”, but the adoption has been slow at best.

## AUTHORS

This manual page was written by Jukka Ruohonen ⟨*jruoho@netbsd.org*⟩.