---
name: "ng_echo"
section: "4"
platform: "freebsd"
package: "base"
version: "16.0-CURRENT-20261027-61c70dc16a79"
release: "FreeBSD 16.0-CURRENT (2026-10-27)"
platforms: ["linux", "freebsd"]
url: "https://new.carta.tech/ng_echo"
---

# ng\_echo(4)

loopback netgraph node

## NAME

**ng\_echo** – loopback netgraph node

## SYNOPSIS

**#include \<netgraph/ng\_echo.h\>**

## DESCRIPTION

The **echo** node type reflects all data and control messages back to the sender. This node type is used for testing and debugging.

## HOOKS

A **echo** node accepts any request to connect, regardless of the hook name, as long as the name is unique.

## CONTROL MESSAGES

This node type supports only the generic control messages. Any other control messages are reflected back to the sender.

## SHUTDOWN

This node shuts down upon receipt of a NGM\_SHUTDOWN control message, or when all hooks have been disconnected.

## SEE ALSO

[netgraph(4)](/netgraph/4.md), [ng\_hole(4)](/ng_hole/4.md), [ngctl(8)](/ngctl/8.md)

## HISTORY

The **ng\_echo** node type was implemented in FreeBSD 4.0.

## AUTHORS

Julian Elischer ⟨*julian@FreeBSD.org*⟩