--- name: "mk-parallel-restore" section: "1p" platform: "linux" package: "maatkit" version: "6652-1" release: "Debian 6.0 (Squeeze)" platforms: ["linux"] url: "https://new.carta.tech/mk-parallel-restore" --- # mk-parallel-restore(1p) Load files into MySQL in parallel. ## NAME mk-parallel-restore - Load files into MySQL in parallel. ## SYNOPSIS ``` mk-parallel-restore /path/to/files mk-parallel-restore --tab /path/to/files ``` ## RISKS The following section is included to inform users about the potential risks, whether known or unknown, of using this tool. The two main categories of risks are those created by the nature of the tool (e.g. read-only tools vs. read-write tools) and those created by bugs. mk-parallel-restore is not a backup program! It is only for fast data imports, for purposes such as loading test data into a system quickly. Do not use mk-parallel-restore for backups. mk-parallel-restore inserts data unless you use the "--dry-run" option. At the time of this release, there is a bug that prevents huge statements from being printed when an error is encountered and a bug applying "--\[no\]foreign-key-checks" when truncating tables. The authoritative source for updated information is always the online issue tracking system. Issues that affect this tool will be marked as such. You can see a list of such issues at the following URL: \. See also "BUGS" for more information on filing bugs and getting help. ## DESCRIPTION mk-parallel-restore is a way to load SQL or delimited-file dumps into MySQL in parallel at high speed. It is especially designed for restoring files dumped by mk-parallel-dump. It automatically detects whether a file contains SQL or delimited data from the filename extension, and either shells out to `"mysql"` or executes `"LOAD DATA INFILE"` with the file. On UNIX-like systems, it will even make a FIFO to decompress gzipped files for `"LOAD DATA INFILE"`. By default it discovers all files in the directory you specify on the command line. It uses the file's parent directory as the database name and the file's name (up to the first dot) as the table name. It can deal with files named like the following: ``` dir/tbl.sql dir/tbl.txt dir/tbl.csv ``` It is also happy with files that look like this, where `"EXT"` is one of the extensions just listed. ``` dir/tbl.EXT.000 dir/tbl.EXT.000.gz ``` By default, it loads `"SQL"` files first, if they exist, then loads `"CSV"` or `"TXT"` files next, in order of the numbers in the filename extension as just shown. This makes it easy for you to reload a table's definition followed by its data, in case you dumped them into separate files (as happens with `"mysqldump"`'s `"--tab"` option). See mk-parallel-dump for details on how data is dumped. Exit status is 0 if everything went well, 1 if any files failed, and any other value indicates an internal error. ## OUTPUT Output depends on verbosity. When "--dry-run" is given, output includes commands that would be executed. When "--verbose" is 0, there is normally no output unless there's an error. When "--verbose" is 1, there is one line of output for the entire job, showing how many tables were processed, how many files were loaded with what status, how much time elapsed, and how much time the parallel load jobs added up to. If any files were skipped, the filenames are printed to the output. When "--verbose" is 2, there's one line of output per table, showing extra data such as how many threads were running when each table finished loading: ``` DATABASE TABLE FILES TIME STATUS THREADS sakila language 2 0.07 0 2 sakila film_actor 2 0.07 0 2 sakila actor 2 0.06 0 2 sakila payment 2 0.07 0 2 sakila transport_backup 2 0.05 0 2 sakila country 2 0.08 0 2 sakila film 2 0.05 0 2 sakila rental 2 0.07 0 2 ``` ## SPEED OF PARALLEL LOADING User-contributed benchmarks are welcome. See \ for one user's experiences. ## OPTIONS - \--ask-pass Prompt for a password when connecting to MySQL. - \--\[no\]atomic-resume default: yes Treat chunks as atomic when resuming restore. By default `"mk-parallel-restore"` resumes restoration from the first chunk that is missing all its rows. For dumps of transactionally-safe tables (InnoDB), it cannot happen that a chunk is only partially restored. Therefore, restoring from the first missing chunk is safe. However, for dumps of non-transactionally safe tables, it is possible that a chunk can be only partially restored. In such cases, the chunk will wrongly appear to be fully restored. Therefore, you must specify `"--no-atomic-resume"` so that the partially restored chunk is fully restored. - \--base-dir type: string Directory where FIFO files will be created. - \--\[no\]biggest-first default: yes Restore the biggest tables first for highest concurrency. - \--\[no\]bin-log default: yes Enable binary logging (`"SET SQL_LOG_BIN=1"`). Restore operations are replicated by default (SQL\_LOG\_BIN=1) except for "--tab" restores which are not replicated by default (SQL\_LOG\_BIN=0). This prevents large loads from being logged to the server's binary log. The value given on the command line overrides the defaults. Therefore, specifying `"--bin-log"` with "--tab" will allow the "--tab" restore to replicate. - \--bulk-insert-buffer-size type: int Set bulk\_insert\_buffer\_size before each `"LOAD DATA INFILE"`. Has no effect without "--tab". - \--charset short form: -A; type: string; default: BINARY Sets the connection, database, and `"LOAD DATA INFILE"` character set. The default is `"BINARY"`, which is the safest value to use for `"LOAD DATA` `INFILE"`. Has no effect without "--tab". - \--\[no\]commit default: yes Commit after each file. - \--config type: Array Read this comma-separated list of config files; if specified, this must be the first option on the command line. - \--create-databases Create databases if they don't exist. - \--\[no\]create-tables default: yes Create tables. See also "--\[no\]drop-tables". - \--csv Files are in CSV format (implies "--tab"). Changes "--tab" options so the following `"LOAD DATA INFILE"` statement is used: ``` LOAD DATA INFILE INTO TABLE FIELDS TERMINATED BY ',' OPTIONALLY ENCLOSED BY '\"' LINES TERMINATED BY '\n'; ``` - \--database short form: -D; type: string Load all files into this database. Overrides the database which is normally specified by the directory in which the files live. Does *not* specify a default database for the connection. - \--databases short form: -d; type: hash Restore only this comma-separated list of databases. - \--databases-regex type: string Restore only databases whose names match this regex. - \--decompress type: string; default: gzip -d -c Command used to decompress and print .gz files to STDOUT (like zcat). - \--defaults-file short form: -F; type: string Only read mysql options from the given file. You must give an absolute pathname. - \--\[no\]disable-keys default: yes Execute `"ALTER TABLE DISABLE KEYS"` before each MyISAM table. This option only works with MyISAM tables. - \--\[no\]drop-tables default: yes Execute `"DROP TABLE IF EXISTS"` before creating each table. - \--dry-run Print commands instead of executing them. - \--fast-index Do InnoDB plugin fast index creation by restoring secondary indexes after data. This option only works with InnoDB tables and the InnoDB plugin. - \--\[no\]fifo default: yes Stream files into a FIFO for "--tab". Load compressed tab-separated files by piping them into a FIFO and using the FIFO with `"LOAD DATA INFILE"`, instead of by decompressing the files on disk. Sets "--umask" to 0. - \--\[no\]foreign-key-checks default: yes Set `"FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS=1"` before `"LOAD DATA INFILE"`. - \--help Show help and exit. - \--host short form: -h; type: string Connect to host. - \--ignore Adds the `"IGNORE"` modifier to `"LOAD DATA INFILE"`. - \--ignore-databases type: Hash Ignore this comma-separated list of databases. - \--ignore-tables type: Hash Ignore this comma-separated list of table names. Table names may be qualified with the database name. - \--local Uses the `"LOCAL"` option to `"LOAD DATA INFILE"`. If you enable this option, the files are read locally by the client library, not by the server. - \--\[no\]lock-tables Lock tables before `"LOAD DATA INFILE"`. - \--\[no\]no-auto-value-on-0 default: yes Set SQL `"NO_AUTO_VALUE_ON_ZERO"`. - \--only-empty-databases Restore only to empty databases. By default mk-parallel-restore will restore tables into a database so long as it exists (or is created by "--create-databases"). This option is a safety feature that prevents any tables from being restored into a database that already has tables even if those tables are the same ones being restored. If you specify this option, every database must have zero tables. This implicitly disables "--\[no\]resume". "--create-databases" will work if the database doesn't already exist and it creates it. The databases are checked after all filters ("--databases", etc.) - \--password short form: -p; type: string Password to use when connecting. - \--pid type: string Create the given PID file. The file contains the process ID of the script. The PID file is removed when the script exits. Before starting, the script checks if the PID file already exists. If it does not, then the script creates and writes its own PID to it. If it does, then the script checks the following: if the file contains a PID and a process is running with that PID, then the script dies; or, if there is no process running with that PID, then the script overwrites the file with its own PID and starts; else, if the file contains no PID, then the script dies. - \--port short form: -P; type: int Port number to use for connection. - \--progress Display progress messages. Progress is displayed each time a table finishes loading. Progress is calculated by measuring the size of each file to be loaded, and assuming all bytes are created equal. The output is the completed and total size, the percent completed, estimated time remaining, and estimated completion time. - \--quiet short form: -q Sets "--verbose" to 0. - \--replace Adds the `"REPLACE"` modifier to `"LOAD DATA INFILE"`. - \--\[no\]resume default: yes Resume the restore from a previously incomplete restore. By default, `"mk-parallel-restore"` checks each table's chunks for existing rows and restores only from the point where a previous restore stopped. Specify --no-resume to disable restore resumption and fully restores every table. Restore resumption does not work with tab-separated files or dumps that were not chunked. - \--set-vars type: string; default: wait\_timeout=10000 Set these MySQL variables. Immediately after connecting to MySQL, this string will be appended to SET and executed. - \--socket short form: -S; type: string Socket file to use for connection. - \--tab Load tab-separated files with `"LOAD DATA INFILE"`. This is similar to what `"mysqlimport"` does, but more flexible. The following options are enabled unless they are specifically disabled on the command line: ``` L<"--commit"> L<"--[no]disable-keys"> L<"--[no]no-auto-value-on-0"> ``` And the following options are disabled (`"--no-bin-log"`, etc.) unless they are specifically enabled on the command line: ``` L<"--[no]bin-log"> L<"--[no]unique-checks"> L<"--[no]foreign-key-checks"> ``` - \--tables short form: -t; type: hash Restore only this comma-separated list of table names. Table names may be qualified with the database name. - \--tables-regex type: string Restore only tables whose names match this regex. - \--threads type: int; default: 2 Specifies the number of parallel processes to run. The default is 2 (this is mk-parallel-restore after all -- 1 is not parallel). On GNU/Linux machines, the default is the number of times 'processor' appears in */proc/cpuinfo*. On Windows, the default is read from the environment. In any case, the default is at least 2, even when there's only a single processor. - \--truncate Run `"TRUNCATE TABLE"` before `"LOAD DATA INFILE"`. This will delete all rows from a table before loading the first tab-delimited file into it. - \--umask type: string Set the program's `"umask"` to this octal value. This is useful when you want created files (such as FIFO files) to be readable or writable by other users (for example, the MySQL server itself). - \--\[no\]unique-checks default: yes Set `"UNIQUE_CHECKS=1"` before `"LOAD DATA INFILE"`. - \--user short form: -u; type: string User for login if not current user. - \--verbose short form: -v; cumulative: yes; default: 1 Verbosity; can specify multiple times. Repeatedly specifying it increments the verbosity. Default is 1 if not specified. See "OUTPUT". - \--version Show version and exit. - \--wait short form: -w; type: time; default: 5m Wait limit when server is down. If the MySQL server crashes during loading, waits until the server comes back and then continues with the rest of the files. `"mk-parallel-restore"` will check the server every second until this time is exhausted, at which point it will give up and exit. ## DSN OPTIONS These DSN options are used to create a DSN. Each option is given like `"option=value"`. The options are case-sensitive, so P and p are not the same option. There cannot be whitespace before or after the `"="` and if the value contains whitespace it must be quoted. DSN options are comma-separated. See the maatkit manpage for full details. - • A dsn: charset; copy: yes Default character set. - • D dsn: database; copy: yes Default database. - • F dsn: mysql\_read\_default\_file; copy: yes Only read default options from the given file - • h dsn: host; copy: yes Connect to host. - • p dsn: password; copy: yes Password to use when connecting. - • P dsn: port; copy: yes Port number to use for connection. - • S dsn: mysql\_socket; copy: yes Socket file to use for connection. - • u dsn: user; copy: yes User for login if not current user. ## DOWNLOADING You can download Maatkit from Google Code at \, or you can get any of the tools easily with a command like the following: ``` wget http://www.maatkit.org/get/toolname or wget http://www.maatkit.org/trunk/toolname ``` Where `"toolname"` can be replaced with the name (or fragment of a name) of any of the Maatkit tools. Once downloaded, they're ready to run; no installation is needed. The first URL gets the latest released version of the tool, and the second gets the latest trunk code from Subversion. ## ENVIRONMENT The environment variable `"MKDEBUG"` enables verbose debugging output in all of the Maatkit tools: ``` MKDEBUG=1 mk-.... ``` ## SYSTEM REQUIREMENTS You need Perl, DBI, DBD::mysql, and some core packages that ought to be installed in any reasonably new version of Perl. ## BUGS For list of known bugs see \. Please use Google Code Issues and Groups to report bugs or request support: \. You can also join #maatkit on Freenode to discuss Maatkit. Please include the complete command-line used to reproduce the problem you are seeing, the version of all MySQL servers involved, the complete output of the tool when run with "--version", and if possible, debugging output produced by running with the `"MKDEBUG=1"` environment variable. ## COPYRIGHT, LICENSE AND WARRANTY This program is copyright 2007-2010 Baron Schwartz. Feedback and improvements are welcome. THIS PROGRAM IS PROVIDED "AS IS" AND WITHOUT ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, WITHOUT LIMITATION, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTIBILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free Software Foundation, version 2; OR the Perl Artistic License. On UNIX and similar systems, you can issue \`man perlgpl' or \`man perlartistic' to read these licenses. You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307 USA. ## SEE ALSO See also mk-parallel-dump. ## AUTHOR Baron Schwartz ## ABOUT MAATKIT This tool is part of Maatkit, a toolkit for power users of MySQL. Maatkit was created by Baron Schwartz; Baron and Daniel Nichter are the primary code contributors. Both are employed by Percona. Financial support for Maatkit development is primarily provided by Percona and its clients. ## VERSION This manual page documents Ver 1.0.23 Distrib 6652 `$Revision:` 6550 $.