--- name: "kissat" section: "1" platform: "linux" package: "kissat" version: "4.0.2-1" release: "Debian 13 (Trixie)" platforms: ["linux"] url: "https://new.carta.tech/kissat" --- # kissat(1) Kissat Satisfiability Solver ## NAME kissat - Kissat Satisfiability Solver ## DESCRIPTION usage: kissat \[ \ ... \] \[ \ \[ \ \] \] where '\' is one of the following common options: - **--help** print this list of all command line options - **-h** print only reduced list of command line options - **-f** force writing proofs (to existing CNF alike file) - **-l** print logging messages (see also '--log') - **-n** do not print satisfying assignment - **-q** suppress all messages (see also '--quiet') - **-s** print all statistics (see also '--statistics') - **-v** increase verbose level (see also '--verbose') Further '\' can be one of the following less frequent options: - **--banner** print solver information - **--build** print build information - **--color** use colors (default if connected to terminal) - **--no-color** no colors (default if not connected to terminal) - **--compiler** print compiler information - **--copyright** print copyright information - **--embedded** print embedded option list - **--force** same as '-f' (force writing proof) - **--id** print 'git' identifier (SHA-1 hash) - **--range** print option range list - **--relaxed** relaxed parsing (ignore DIMACS header) - **--strict** stricter parsing (no empty header lines) - **--version** print version The following solving limits can be enforced: **--conflicts=**\ **--decisions=**\ **--time=**\ Satisfying assignments have by default values for all variables unless '--partial' is specified, then only values are printed for variables which are necessary to satisfy the formula. The following predefined 'configurations' (option settings) are supported: - **--basic** basic CDCL solving ('--plain' but no restarts, minimize, reduce) - **--default** default configuration - **--plain** plain CDCL solving without advanced techniques - **--sat** target satisfiable instances ('--target=2 **--restartint**=*50*') - **--unsat** target unsatisfiable instances ('--stable=0') Or '\' is one of the following long options: - **--ands=**\ extract and eliminate and gates \[true\] - **--backbone**=*0*..2 binary clause backbone (2=eager) \[1\] - **--backboneeffort**=*0*..1e5 effort in per mille \[20\] - **--backbonemaxrounds**=*1*... maximum backbone rounds \[1e3\] - **--backbonerounds**=*1*... backbone rounds limit \[100\] - **--bigbigfraction**=*0*..1e3 big binary clause fraction per mille \[990\] - **--bump=**\ enable variable bumping \[true\] - **--bumpreasons=**\ bump reason side literals too \[true\] - **--bumpreasonslimit**=*1*... relative reason literals limit \[10\] - **--bumpreasonsrate**=*1*... decision rate limit \[10\] - **--check**=*0*..2 check model (1) and derived clauses (2) \[2\] - **--chrono=**\ allow chronological backtracking \[true\] - **--chronolevels**=*0*... maximum jumped over levels \[100\] - **--compact=**\ enable compacting garbage collection \[true\] - **--compactlim**=*0*..100 compact inactive limit (in percent) \[10\] - **--congruence=**\ congruence closure on extracted gates \[true\] **--congruenceandarity**=*2*..5e7 AND gate arity limit \[1e6\] - **--congruenceands=**\ extract AND gates for congruence closure \[true\] **--congruencebinaries=**\ extract certain binary clauses \[true\] - **--congruenceites=**\ extract ITE gates for congruence closure \[true\] - **--congruenceonce=**\ congruence closure only initially \[false\] **--congruencexorarity**=*2*..20 congruence XOR gate arity limit \[4\] **--congruencexorcounts**=*1*... XOR counting rounds \[2\] - **--congruencexors=**\ extract XOR gates for congruence closure \[true\] - **--decay**=*1*..200 per mille scores decay \[50\] - **--definitioncores**=*1*..100 how many cores \[2\] - **--definitions=**\ extract general definitions \[true\] - **--definitionticks**=*0*... kitten ticks limits \[1e6\] - **--defraglim**=*50*..100 usable defragmentation limit in percent \[75\] - **--defragsize**=*10*... size defragmentation limit \[2^18\] - **--eagersubsume**=*0*..4 eagerly subsume previous learned clauses \[4\] - **--eliminate=**\ bounded variable elimination BVE \[true\] - **--eliminatebound**=*0*..2^13 maximum elimination bound \[16\] - **--eliminateclslim**=*1*... elimination clause size limit \[100\] - **--eliminateeffort**=*0*..2e3 effort in per mille \[100\] - **--eliminateinit**=*0*... initial elimination interval \[500\] - **--eliminateint**=*10*... base elimination interval \[500\] - **--eliminateocclim**=*0*... elimination occurrence limit \[2e3\] - **--eliminaterounds**=*1*..1e4 elimination rounds limit \[2\] - **--emafast**=*10*..1e6 fast exponential moving average window \[33\] - **--emaslow**=*100*..1e6 slow exponential moving average window \[1e5\] - **--embedded=**\ parse and apply embedded options \[true\] - **--equivalences=**\ extract and eliminate equivalence gates \[true\] - **--extract=**\ extract gates in variable elimination \[true\] - **--factor=**\ bounded variable addition \[true\] - **--factorcandrounds**=*0*... candidates reduction rounds \[2\] - **--factoreffort**=*0*..1e6 bounded variable effort in per mille \[50\] - **--factorhops**=*1*..10 structural factoring heuristic hops \[3\] - **--factoriniticks**=*1*..1e6 initial ticks ticks in millions \[700\] - **--factorsize**=*2*... bounded variable addition clause size \[5\] - **--factorstructural=**\ structural bounded variable addition \[false\] - **--fastel=**\ initial fast variable elimination \[true\] - **--fastelclslim**=*1*... fast elimination clause length limit \[100\] - **--fastelim**=*1*..1e3 fast elimination resolvents limit \[8\] - **--fasteloccs**=*1*..1e3 fast elimination occurrence limit \[100\] - **--fastelrounds**=*1*..1e3 fast elimination rounds \[4\] - **--fastelsub=**\ forward subsuming fast variable elimination \[true\] - **--flushproof=**\ flush proof lines immediately \[false\] - **--focusedtiers=**\ always used focused mode tiers \[true\] - **--forcephase=**\ force initial phase \[false\] - **--forward=**\ forward subsumption in BVE \[true\] - **--forwardeffort**=*0*..1e6 effort in per mille \[100\] - **--ifthenelse=**\ extract and eliminate if-then-else gates \[true\] - **--incremental=**\ enable incremental solving \[false\] - **--jumpreasons=**\ jump binary reasons \[true\] - **--log**=*0*..5 logging level (1=on,2=more,3=check,4/5=mem) \[0\] - **--lucky=**\ try some lucky assignments \[true\] - **--luckyearly=**\ lucky assignments before preprocessing \[true\] - **--luckylate=**\ lucky assignments after preprocessing \[true\] - **--mineffort**=*0*... minimum absolute effort in millions \[10\] - **--minimize=**\ learned clause minimization \[true\] - **--minimizedepth**=*1*..1e6 minimization depth \[1e3\] - **--minimizeticks=**\ count ticks in minimize and shrink \[true\] - **--modeinit**=*10*..1e8 initial focused conflicts limit \[1e3\] - **--modeint**=*10*..1e8 focused conflicts interval \[1e3\] - **--otfs=**\ on-the-fly strengthening \[true\] - **--phase=**\ initial decision phase \[true\] - **--phasesaving=**\ enable phase saving \[true\] - **--preprocess=**\ initial preprocessing \[true\] **--preprocessbackbone=**\ backbone preprocessing \[true\] **--preprocesscongruence=**\ congruence preprocessing \[true\] - **--preprocessfactor=**\ variable addition preprocessing \[true\] - **--preprocessprobe=**\ probing preprocessing \[true\] - **--preprocessrounds**=*1*... initial preprocessing rounds \[1\] - **--preprocessweep=**\ sweep preprocessing \[true\] - **--probe=**\ enable probing \[true\] - **--probeinit**=*0*... initial probing interval \[100\] - **--probeint**=*2*... probing interval \[100\] - **--proberounds**=*1*... probing rounds \[2\] - **--profile**=*0*..4 profile level \[2\] - **--promote=**\ promote clauses \[true\] - **--quiet=**\ disable all messages \[false\] - **--randec=**\ random decisions \[true\] - **--randecfocused=**\ random decisions in focused mode \[true\] - **--randecinit**=*0*... random decisions interval \[500\] - **--randecint**=*0*... initial random decisions interval \[500\] - **--randeclength**=*1*... random conflicts length \[10\] - **--randecstable=**\ random decisions in stable mode \[false\] - **--reduce=**\ learned clause reduction \[true\] - **--reducehigh**=*0*..1e3 high reduce fraction per mille \[900\] - **--reduceinit**=*2*..1e5 initial reduce interval \[1e3\] - **--reduceint**=*2*..1e5 base reduce interval \[1e3\] - **--reducelow**=*0*..1e3 low reduce fraction per mille \[500\] - **--reluctant=**\ stable reluctant doubling restarting \[true\] - **--reluctantint**=*2*..2^15 reluctant interval \[2^10\] - **--reluctantlim**=*0*..2^30 reluctant limit (0=unlimited) \[2^20\] - **--reorder**=*0*..2 reorder decisions (1=stable-mode-only) \[2\] - **--reorderinit**=*0*..1e5 initial reorder interval \[1e4\] - **--reorderint**=*1*..1e5 base reorder interval \[1e4\] - **--reordermaxsize**=*2*..2^8 reorder maximum clause size \[100\] - **--rephase=**\ reinitialization of decision phases \[true\] - **--rephaseinit**=*10*..1e5 initial rephase interval \[1e3\] - **--rephaseint**=*10*..1e5 base rephase interval \[1e3\] - **--restart=**\ enable restarts \[true\] - **--restartint**=*1*..1e4 base restart interval \[1\] - **--restartmargin**=*0*..25 fast/slow margin in percent \[10\] **--restartreusetrail=**\ restarts tries to reuse trail \[true\] - **--seed**=*0*... random seed \[0\] - **--shrink**=*0*..3 learned clauses (1=bin,2=lrg,3=rec) \[3\] - **--simplify=**\ enable probing and elimination \[true\] - **--smallclauses**=*0*... small clauses limit \[1e5\] - **--stable**=*0*..2 enable stable search mode \[1\] - **--statistics=**\ print complete statistics \[false\] - **--substitute=**\ equivalent literal substitution \[true\] - **--substituteeffort**=*1*..1e3 effort in per mille \[10\] - **--substituterounds**=*1*..100 maximum substitution rounds \[2\] - **--subsumeclslim**=*1*... subsumption clause size limit \[1e3\] - **--subsumeocclim**=*0*... subsumption occurrence limit \[1e3\] - **--sweep=**\ enable SAT sweeping \[true\] - **--sweepclauses**=*0*... environment clauses \[2^10\] - **--sweepcomplete=**\ run SAT sweeping until completion \[false\] - **--sweepdepth**=*0*... environment depth \[2\] - **--sweepeffort**=*0*..1e4 effort in per mille \[100\] - **--sweepfliprounds**=*0*... flipping rounds \[1\] - **--sweepmaxclauses**=*2*... maximum environment clauses \[2^15\] - **--sweepmaxdepth**=*1*... maximum environment depth \[3\] - **--sweepmaxvars**=*2*... maximum environment variables \[2^13\] - **--sweeprand=**\ randomize sweeping environment \[false\] - **--sweepvars**=*0*... environment variables \[2^8\] - **--target**=*0*..2 target phases (1=stable,2=focused) \[1\] - **--tier1**=*1*..100 learned clause tier one glue limit \[2\] - **--tier1relative**=*0*..1e3 relative tier one glue limit \[500\] - **--tier2**=*1*..1e3 learned clause tier two glue limit \[6\] - **--tier2relative**=*0*..1e3 relative tier two glue limit \[900\] - **--transitive=**\ transitive reduction of binary clauses \[true\] - **--transitiveeffort**=*0*..2e3 effort in per mille \[20\] - **--transitivekeep=**\ keep transitivity candidates \[true\] - **--tumble=**\ tumbled external indices order \[true\] - **--verbose**=*0*..3 verbosity level \[0\] - **--vivify=**\ vivify clauses \[true\] - **--vivifyeffort**=*0*..1e3 effort in per mille \[100\] **--vivifyfocusedtiers=**\ use focused tier limits \[true\] - **--vivifyirr**=*0*..100 relative irredundant effort \[3\] - **--vivifysort=**\ sort vivification candidates \[true\] - **--vivifytier1**=*0*..100 relative tier1 effort \[3\] - **--vivifytier2**=*0*..100 relative tier2 effort \[3\] - **--vivifytier3**=*0*..100 relative tier3 effort \[1\] - **--walkeffort**=*0*..1e6 effort in per mille \[50\] - **--walkinitially=**\ initial local search \[false\] - **--warmup=**\ initialize phases by unit propagation \[true\] Furthermore '\' is the input file in DIMACS format. The solver reads from '\' if '\' is unspecified. If the path has a '.bz2', '.gz', '.lzma', '7z' or '.xz' suffix then the solver tries to find a corresponding decompression tool ('bzip2', 'gzip', 'lzma', '7z', or 'xz') to decompress the input file on-the-fly after checking that the input file has the correct format (starts with the corresponding signature bytes). If '\' is specified then a proof trace is written to the given file. If the file name is '-' then the proof is written to '\'. In this case the ASCII version of the DRAT format is used. For real files the binary proof format is used unless '--no-binary' is specified. Writing of compressed proof files follows the same principle as reading compressed files. The compression format is based on the file suffix and it is checked that the corresponding compression utility can be found.