--- name: "inc" section: "1mh" platform: "linux" package: "nmh" version: "1.8-3" release: "Debian 13 (Trixie)" platforms: ["linux"] url: "https://new.carta.tech/inc/1mh" --- # inc(1mh) incorporate new mail to an nmh folder ## NAME inc - incorporate new mail to an nmh folder ## SYNOPSIS **inc** \[**-help**\] \[**-version**\] \[*+folder*\] \[**-audit** *audit-file*\] \[**-noaudit**\] \[**-changecur** \| **-nochangecur**\] \[**-form** *formfile*\] \[**-format** *string*\] \[**-file** *name*\] \[**-silent** \| **-nosilent**\] \[**-truncate** \| **-notruncate**\] \[**-width** *columns*\] \[**-host** *hostname*\] \[**-port** *portname/number*\] \[**-user** *username*\] \[**-proxy** *command*\] \[**-sasl** \| **-nosasl**\] \[**-saslmech** *mechanism*\] \[**-authservice** *service*\] \[**-tls**\] \[**-initialtls**\] \[**-notls**\] \[**-certverify** \| **-nocertverify**\] \[**-snoop**\] ## DESCRIPTION **inc** incorporates mail from the user's incoming mail drop into an **nmh** folder. If the mail drop is a file, it can be in **mbox** or **MMDF** format. If the mail drop is a directory it is considered to be in **Maildir** format. You may specify which folder to use with *+folder*. If no folder is specified, then **inc** will use either the folder given by a (non-empty) “*Inbox*” entry in the user's profile, or the folder named “*inbox*”. If the specified (or default) folder doesn't exist, the user will be queried prior to its creation. When the new messages are incorporated into the folder, they are assigned numbers starting with the next highest number for the folder. As the messages are processed, a **scan** listing of the new mail is produced. The newly created messages will have a mode of 0600, see [chmod(1)](/chmod/1.md), on filesystems that support it. Alternatively, a “*Msg-Protect: nnn*” profile entry gives the mode to use, in octal. For all subsequent operations on these messages, this initially assigned mode will be preserved. If the switch **-audit** *audit-file* is specified (usually as a default switch in the user's profile), then **inc** will append a header line and a line per message to the specified audit-file with the format: ``` <> date ``` This is useful for keeping track of volume and source of incoming mail. Eventually, **repl**, **forw**, **comp**, and **dist** may also output audit information to this (or another) file, perhaps with “*Message-Id*” information to keep an exact correspondence history. “*Audit-file*” is assumed to be in the user's nmh directory unless a full path is specified. **inc** will incorporate even improperly formatted messages into the user's nmh folder, inserting a blank line prior to the offending component and printing a comment identifying the bad message. In all cases, except the use of **-file** *name* (see below), the user's mail drop will be zeroed, unless the **-notruncate** switch is given. If the profile entry “*Unseen-Sequence*” is present and non-empty, then **inc** will add each of the newly incorporated messages to each sequence named in the profile entry. **inc** will not zero each sequence prior to adding messages. The interpretation of the **-form** *formatfile*, **-format** *string*, and **-width** *columns* switches is the same as in [*scan*(1)](/scan/1.md). By using the **-file** *name* switch, one can direct **inc** to incorporate messages from a file other than the user's mail drop. Note that the named file will *not* be zeroed, unless the **-truncate** switch is given. The **-file** switch does not support the use of standard input. Instead, the **rcvstore** command can be used to incorporate mail from the standard input stream. If the environment variable **$MAILDROP** is set, then **inc** uses it as the location of the user's mail drop instead of the default (the **-file** *name* switch still overrides this, however). If this environment variable is not set, then **inc** will consult the profile entry “*MailDrop*” for this information. If the value found is not absolute, then it is interpreted relative to the user's **nmh** directory. If the value is not found, then **inc** will look in the standard system location for the user's mail drop. The **-silent** switch directs **inc** to be quiet and not ask any questions at all. This is useful for putting **inc** in the background and going on to other things. ### Using POP **inc** will normally check local mail drops for mail, as covered above. But if the option “*pophost*” is set in “*mts.conf*”, or if the **-host** *hostname* switch is given, or if the **$MAILHOST** environment variable is set, then **inc** will query this POP service host for mail to incorporate. If **$MAILHOST** is set and **-host** is specified as well, the command-line switch will override the environment variable. The **-port** switch specifies the port name or number used to connect to the POP server. If unspecified, the default is “pop3”. To specify a username for authentication with the POP server, use the **-user** *username* switch. The credentials profile entry in [*mh-profile*(5)](/mh-profile/5.md) describes the ways to supply a username and password. If passed the **-proxy** *command* switch, **inc** will use the specified command to establish the connection to the POP server. The string *%h* in the command will be substituted by the hostname to connect to. For debugging purposes, you may give the switch **-snoop**, which will allow you to monitor the POP transaction. If **-sasl -saslmech xoauth2** is used, the HTTP transaction is also shown. If **nmh** has been compiled with SASL support, the **-sasl** switch will enable the use of SASL authentication. Depending on the SASL mechanism used, this may require an additional password prompt from the user (but the *netrc* file can be used to store this password, as described in [*mh-profile*(5)](/mh-profile/5.md)). The **-saslmech** switch can be used to select a particular SASL mechanism. If SASL authentication is successful, **inc** will attempt to negotiate a security layer for session encryption. Encrypted traffic is labelled with \`(encrypted)' and \`(decrypted)' when viewing the POP transaction with the **-snoop** switch; see [*post*(8)](/post/8.md)'s description of **-snoop** for its other features. If **nmh** has been compiled with OAuth support, the **-sasl** and **-saslmech xoauth2** switches will enable OAuth authentication. The **-user** switch must be used, and the *user-name* must be an email address the user has for the service, which must be specified with the **-authservice** *service* switch. Before using this, the user must authorize nmh by running **mhlogin** and granting authorization to that account. See *mhlogin*(1) for more details. If **nmh** has been compiled with TLS support, the **-tls** and **-initialtls** switches will require the negotiation of TLS when connecting to the remote POP server. The **-tls** switch will direct **inc** to negotiate TLS as part of the normal POP protocol using the STLS command. The **-initialtls** switch will direct **inc** to negotiate TLS immediately after the connection has taken place, before any POP commands are sent or received. Data encrypted by TLS is labeled \`(tls-encrypted)' and \`(tls-decrypted)' when viewing the POP transaction with the **-snoop** switch. The **-notls** switch will disable all attempts to negotiate TLS. When using TLS the default is to verify the remote certificate and SubjectName against the local trusted certificate store. This can be controlled by the **-certverify** and **-nocertverify** switches. See your OpenSSL documentation for more information on certificate verification. ## FILES - $HOME/.mh\_profile The user's profile. - /etc/nmh/mts.conf mts configuration file. - /var/mail/$USER Location of the system mail drop. ## PROFILE COMPONENTS - Path: To determine the user's nmh directory. - Alternate-Mailboxes: To determine the user's mailboxes. - Inbox: To determine the inbox. - Folder-Protect: To set mode when creating a new folder. - Msg-Protect: To set mode when creating a new message and audit-file. - Unseen-Sequence: To name sequences denoting unseen messages. ## SEE ALSO [*mhmail*(1)](/mhmail/1.md), [*scan*(1)](/scan/1.md), [*mh-mail*(5)](/mh-mail/5.md), [*mh-profile*(5)](/mh-profile/5.md), *mhlogin*(1), [*post*(8)](/post/8.md), [*rcvstore*(1)](/rcvstore/1.md) ## DEFAULTS - \+folder defaulted by “Inbox” above. - \-noaudit - \-changecur - \-format As described above. - \-nosilent - \-nosasl - \-notruncate Unless **-file** *name* is given. - \-width The width of the terminal. ## CONTEXT The folder into which messages are being incorporated will become the current folder. The first message incorporated will become the current message, unless the **-nochangecur** option is specified. This leaves the context ready for a **show** of the first new message.