--- name: "grops" section: "1" platform: "linux" package: "groff" version: "1.24.2-1" release: "Arch Linux 2026-11-01" platforms: ["linux"] url: "https://new.carta.tech/grops" --- # grops(1) groff output driver for PostScript ## Name grops - *groff* output driver for PostScript ## Synopsis **grops** \[**-glm**\] \[**-b** *brokenness-flags*\] \[**-c** *num-copies*\] \[**-F** *font-directory*\] \[**-I** *inclusion-directory*\] \[**-p** *paper-format*\] \[**-P** *prologue-file*\] \[**-w** *rule-thickness*\] \[*file* ...\] **grops** **--help** **grops** **-v** **grops** **--version** ## Description The GNU *roff* PostScript output driver translates the output of [*troff*(1)](/troff/1.md) into PostScript. Normally, *grops* is invoked by [*groff*(1)](/groff/1.md) when the latter is given the “**-T ps**” option. (In this installation, **ps** is the default output device.) Use *groff*'s **-P** option to pass any options shown above to *grops*. If no *file* arguments are given, or if *file* is “-”, *grotty* reads the standard input stream. It writes to the standard output stream. When called with multiple *file* arguments, *grops* doesn't produce a valid document structure (one conforming to the Document Structuring Conventions). To print such catenated output, it is necessary to deactivate DSC handling in the printing program or previewer. See section “Font installation” below for a guide to installing fonts for *grops*. ## Options **--help** displays a usage message, while **-v** and **--version** show version information; all exit afterward. - **-b** *n* Work around problems with spoolers, previewers, and older printers. Normally, *grops* produces output at PostScript LanguageLevel 2 that conforms to version 3.0 of the Document Structuring Conventions. Some software and devices can't handle such a data stream. The value of *n* determines what *grops* does to make its output acceptable to such consumers. If *n* is **0**, *grops* employs no workarounds, which is the default; it can be changed by modifying the **broken** directive in *grops*'s *DESC* file. - Add 1 to suppress generation of **%%BeginDocumentSetup** and **%%EndDocumentSetup** comments; this is needed for early versions of TranScript that get confused by anything between the **%%EndProlog** comment and the first **%%Page** comment. - Add 2 to omit lines in included files beginning with **%!**, which confuse Sun's *pageview* previewer. - Add 4 to omit lines in included files beginning with **%%Page**, **%%Trailer** and **%%EndProlog**; this is needed for spoolers that don't understand **%%BeginDocument** and **%%EndDocument** comments. - Add 8 to write **%!PS-Adobe-2.0** rather than **%!PS-Adobe-3.0** as the first line of the PostScript output; this is needed when using Sun's Newsprint with a printer that requires page reversal. - Add 16 to omit media size information (that is, output neither a **%%DocumentMedia** comment nor the **setpagedevice** PostScript command). This was the behavior of *groff* 1.18.1 and earlier; it is needed for older printers that don't understand PostScript LanguageLevel 2, and is also necessary if the output is further processed to produce an EPS file; see subsection “Escapsulated PostScript” below. - **-c** *n* Output *n* copies of each page. - **-F** *dir* Prepend directory dir*/dev*name to the search path for font and device description and PostScript prologue files; *name* is the name of the device, usually **ps**. - **-g** Generate PostScript code to guess the page length. The guess is correct only if the imageable area is vertically centered on the page. This option allows you to generate documents that can be printed on both U.S. letter and A4 paper formats without change. - **-I** *dir* Search the directory *dir* for files named in **\\X'ps: file'** and **\\X'ps: import'** escape sequences. **-I** may be specified more than once; each *dir* is searched in the given order. To search the current working directory before others, add “**-I .**” at the desired place; it is otherwise searched last. - **-l** Use landscape orientation rather than portrait. - **-m** Turn on manual feed for the document. - **-p** *fmt* Set physical dimensions of output medium, overriding the **papersize**, **paperlength**, and **paperwidth** directives in the *DESC* file. *fmt* can be any argument accepted by the **papersize** directive; see [*groff\_font*(5)](/groff_font/5.md). - **-P** *prologue* Use the file *prologue*, sought in the *groff* font search path, as the PostScript prologue, overriding the default (see section “Files” below) and the environment variable *GROPS\_PROLOGUE.* - **-w** *n* Draw rules (lines) with a thickness of *n* thousandths of an em. The default thickness is **40** (0.04 em). ## Usage The input to *grops* must be in the format output by [*troff*(1)](/troff/1.md), described in [*groff\_out*(5)](/groff_out/5.md). In addition, the device and font description files for the device used must meet certain requirements. The device resolution must be an integer multiple of 72 times the **sizescale**. The device description file must contain a valid paper format; see [*groff\_font*(5)](/groff_font/5.md). Each font description file must contain a directive ``` internalname psname ``` which says that the PostScript name of the font is *psname*. A font description file may also contain a directive ``` encoding enc-file ``` which says that the PostScript font should be reencoded using the encoding described in *enc-file*; this file should consist of a sequence of lines of the form ``` pschar code ``` where *pschar* is the PostScript name of the character, and *code* is its position in the encoding expressed as a decimal integer; valid values are in the range 0 to 255. Lines starting with **#** and blank lines are ignored. The code for each character given in the font description file must correspond to the code for the character in encoding file, or to the code in the default encoding for the font if the PostScript font is not to be reencoded. This code can be used with the **\\N** escape sequence in *troff* to select the character, even if it does not have a *groff* glyph name. Every character in the font description file must exist in the PostScript font, and the widths given in the font description file must match the widths used in the PostScript font. *grops* assumes that a character with a *groff* name of **space** is blank (makes no marks on the page); it can make use of such a character to generate more efficient and compact PostScript output. *grops* is able to display all glyphs in a PostScript font; it is not limited to 256 of them. *enc-file* (or the default encoding if no encoding file is specified) just defines the order of glyphs for the first 256 characters; all other glyphs are accessed with additional encoding vectors which *grops* produces on the fly. *grops* can embed fonts in a document that are necessary to render it; this is called “downloading”. Such fonts must be in PFA format. Use [*pfbtops*(1)](/pfbtops/1.md) to convert a Type 1 font in PFB format. Downloadable fonts must be listed a *download* file containing lines of the form ``` psname file ``` where *psname* is the PostScript name of the font, and *file* is the name of the file containing it. Blank lines and those beginning with **#** are ignored; fields are separated by tabs. *file* is sought using the same mechanism as for *groff* font description files. The *download* file itself is as well; currently, the first matching file found in the device and font description search path is used. If the file containing a downloadable font or imported document conforms to the Adobe Document Structuring Conventions, then *grops* interprets any comments in the files sufficiently to ensure that its own output is conforming. It also supplies any needed font resources that are listed in the *download* file as well as any needed file resources. It is also able to handle inter-resource dependencies. For example, suppose that you have a downloadable font called Garamond, and also a downloadable font called Garamond-Outline which depends on Garamond (typically it would be defined to copy Garamond's font dictionary, and change the PaintType), then it is necessary for Garamond to appear before Garamond-Outline in the PostScript document. *grops* handles this automatically provided that the downloadable font file for Garamond-Outline indicates its dependence on Garamond by means of the Document Structuring Conventions, for example by beginning with the following lines. ``` %!PS-Adobe-3.0 Resource-Font %%DocumentNeededResources: font Garamond %%EndComments %%IncludeResource: font Garamond ``` In this case, both Garamond and Garamond-Outline would need to be listed in the *download* file. A downloadable font should not include its own name in a **%%DocumentSuppliedResources** comment. *grops* does not interpret **%%DocumentFonts** comments. The **%%DocumentNeededResources**, **%%DocumentSuppliedResources**, **%%IncludeResource**, **%%BeginResource**, and **%%EndResource** comments (or possibly the old **%%DocumentNeededFonts**, **%%DocumentSuppliedFonts**, **%%IncludeFont**, **%%BeginFont**, and **%%EndFont** comments) should be used. The default stroke and fill colors are black. For colors defined in the “rgb” color space, **setrgbcolor** is used; for “cmy” and “cmyk”, **setcmykcolor**; and for “gray”, **setgray**. **setcmykcolor** is a PostScript LanguageLevel 2 command and thus not available on some older printers. ### Typefaces Styles called **R**, **I**, **B**, and **BI** mounted at font positions 1 to 4. Text fonts are grouped into families **A**, **BM**, **C**, **H**, **HN**, **N**, **P**, and **T**, each having members in each of these styles. - **AR** **AI** **AB** **ABI** **BMR** **BMI** **BMB** **BMBI** **CR** **CI** **CB** **CBI** **HR** **HI** **HB** **HBI** **HNR** **HNI** **HNB** **HNBI** **NR** **NI** **NB** **NBI** **PR** **PI** **PB** **PBI** **TR** **TI** **TB** **TBI** AvantGarde-Book AvantGarde-BookOblique AvantGarde-Demi AvantGarde-DemiOblique Bookman-Light Bookman-LightItalic Bookman-Demi Bookman-DemiItalic Courier Courier-Oblique Courier-Bold Courier-BoldOblique Helvetica Helvetica-Oblique Helvetica-Bold Helvetica-BoldOblique Helvetica-Narrow Helvetica-Narrow-Oblique Helvetica-Narrow-Bold Helvetica-Narrow-BoldOblique NewCenturySchlbk-Roman NewCenturySchlbk-Italic NewCenturySchlbk-Bold NewCenturySchlbk-BoldItalic Palatino-Roman Palatino-Italic Palatino-Bold Palatino-BoldItalic Times-Roman Times-Italic Times-Bold Times-BoldItalic Another text font is not a member of a family. - **ZCMI** ZapfChancery-MediumItalic Special fonts include **S**, the PostScript Symbol font; **ZD**, Zapf Dingbats; **SS** (slanted symbol), which contains oblique forms of lowercase Greek letters derived from Symbol; **EURO**, which offers a Euro glyph for use with old devices lacking it; and **ZDR**, a reversed version of Zapf Dingbats (with symbols flipped about the vertical axis). Most glyphs in these fonts are unnamed and must be accessed using **\\N**. The last three are not standard PostScript fonts, but supplied by *groff* and therefore included in the default *download* file. *grops* furthermore supports a naming scheme for East Asian typefaces shared with [*grohtml*(1)](/grohtml/1.md), [*gropdf*(1)](/gropdf/1.md), and [*grotty*(1)](/grotty/1.md). - **CSH** **CSS** **CTH** **CTS** **JPG** **JPM** **KOG** **KOM** Simplified Chinese, Hei style Simplified Chinese, Song style Traditional Chinese, Hei style Traditional Chinese, Song style Japanese, Gothic style Japanese, Mincho style Korean, Gothic style Korean, Mincho style ### Device extension commands *grops* recognizes device extension commands produced by the *groff* request **device** or *roff* **\\X** escape sequence, but interprets only those that begin with a “**ps:**” tag. - **\\X'ps: exec** *code***'** Execute the arbitrary PostScript commands *code*. The PostScript *currentpoint* is set to the *groff* drawing position when the **\\X** escape sequence is interpreted before executing *code*. The origin is at the top left corner of the page; *x* coordinates increase to the right, and *y* coordinates down the page. A procedure **u** is defined that converts *groff* basic units to the coordinate system in effect (provided the user doesn't change the scale). For example, ``` .nr x 1i \X'ps: exec \nx u 0 rlineto stroke' ``` draws a horizontal line one inch long. *code* may make changes to the graphics state, but any changes persist only to the end of the page. A dictionary containing the definitions specified by the **def** and **mdef** commands is on top of the dictionary stack. If your code adds definitions to this dictionary, you should allocate space for them using “**\\X'ps: mdef** *n***'** ”. Any definitions persist only until the end of the page. If you use the **\\Y** escape sequence with an argument that names a macro, *code* can extend over multiple lines. For example, ``` .nr x 1i .de y ps: exec \nx u 0 rlineto stroke .. \Yy ``` is another way to draw a horizontal line one inch long. The single backslash before “**nx**”—the only reason to use a register while defining the macro “**y**”—is to convert a user-specified dimension “**1i**” to *groff* basic units which are in turn converted to PostScript units with the **u** procedure.\ *grops* wraps user-specified PostScript code into a dictionary, nothing more. In particular, it doesn't start and end the inserted code with **save** and **restore**, respectively. This must be supplied by the user, if necessary. - **\\X'ps: file** *name***'** This is the same as the **exec** command except that the PostScript code is read from file *name*. - **\\X'ps: def** *code***'** Place a PostScript definition contained in *code* in the prologue. There should be at most one definition per **\\X** command. Long definitions can be split over several **\\X** commands; all the *code* arguments are simply joined together separated by newlines. The definitions are placed in a dictionary which is automatically pushed on the dictionary stack when an **exec** command is executed. If you use the **\\Y** escape sequence with an argument that names a macro, *code* can extend over multiple lines. - **\\X'ps: mdef** *n code***'** Like **def**, except that *code* may contain up to *n* definitions. *grops* needs to know how many definitions *code* contains so that it can create an appropriately sized PostScript dictionary to contain them. - **\\X'ps: import** *file llx lly urx ury width* \[*height*\] **'** Import a PostScript graphic from *file*. The arguments *llx*, *lly*, *urx*, and *ury* give the bounding box of the graphic in the default PostScript coordinate system. They should all be integers: *llx* and *lly* are the *x* and *y* coordinates of the lower left corner of the graphic; *urx* and *ury* are the *x* and *y* coordinates of the upper right corner of the graphic; *width* and *height* are integers that give the desired width and height in *groff* basic units of the graphic. - The graphic is scaled so that it has this width and height and translated so that the lower left corner of the graphic is located at the position associated with **\\X** command. If the height argument is omitted it is scaled uniformly in the *x* and *y* axes so that it has the specified width. - The contents of the **\\X** command are not interpreted by *troff*, so vertical space for the graphic is not automatically added, and the *width* and *height* arguments are not allowed to have attached scaling indicators. - If the PostScript file complies with the Adobe Document Structuring Conventions and contains a **%%BoundingBox** comment, then the bounding box can be automatically extracted from within *groff* input by using the **psbb** request. - See [*groff\_tmac*(5)](/groff_tmac/5.md) for a description of the **PSPIC** macro which provides a convenient high-level interface for inclusion of PostScript graphics. - **\\X'ps: invis'** **\\X'ps: endinvis'** No output is generated for text and drawing commands that are bracketed with these **\\X** commands. These commands are intended for use when output from *troff* is previewed before being processed with *grops*; if the previewer is unable to display certain characters or other constructs, then other substitute characters or constructs can be used for previewing by bracketing them with these **\\X** commands. For example, *gxditview* is not able to display a proper **\\\[em\]** character because the standard X11 fonts do not provide it; this problem can be overcome with the following request. - ``` .char \[em] \X'ps: invis'\ \Z'\v'-.25m'\h'.05m' \D'l .9m 0'\h'.05m''\ \X'ps: endinvis'\[em] ``` In this case, *gxditview* is unable to display the **\\\[em\]** character and draws the line, whereas *grops* prints the **\\\[em\]** character and ignores the line (this code is already in file *Xps.tmac*, which is loaded if a document intended for *grops* is previewed with *gxditview*). If a PostScript procedure **BPhook** has been defined via a “**ps: def**” or “**ps: mdef**” device extension command, it is executed at the beginning of every page (before anything is drawn or written by *groff*). For example, to underlay the page contents with the word “DRAFT” in light gray, you might use the following. ``` .de XX ps: def /BPhook { gsave .9 setgray clippath pathbbox exch 2 copy .5 mul exch .5 mul translate atan rotate pop pop /NewCenturySchlbk-Roman findfont 200 scalefont setfont (DRAFT) dup stringwidth pop -.5 mul -70 moveto show grestore } def .. .devicem XX ``` Or, to cause lines and polygons to be drawn with square linecaps and mitered linejoins instead of the round linecaps and linejoins normally used by *grops*, use the following. ``` .de XX ps: def /BPhook { 2 setlinecap 0 setlinejoin } def .. .devicem XX ``` (Square linecaps, as opposed to butt linecaps (“**0 setlinecap**”), give true corners in boxed tables even though the lines are drawn unconnected.) ### Encapsulated PostScript *grops* itself doesn't emit bounding box information. The following script, *groff2eps*, produces an EPS file. ``` #!/bin/sh groff -P-b16 "$1" > "$1".ps gs -dNOPAUSE -sDEVICE=bbox -- "$1".ps 2> "$1".bbox sed -e "/^%%Orientation/r $1.bbox" \ -e "/^%!PS-Adobe-3.0/s/$/ EPSF-3.0/" "$1".ps > "$1".eps rm "$1".ps "$1".bbox ``` You can then use “**groff2eps foo**” to convert file *foo* to *foo.eps*. ### TrueType and other font formats To use TrueType fonts with *grops*, convert them first to Type 42 format, a PostScript wrapper equivalent to the PFA format described in [*pfbtops*(1)](/pfbtops/1.md). Several methods exist to generate a Type 42 wrapper; some of them involve the use of a PostScript interpreter such as Ghostscript—see [*gs*(1)](/gs/1.md). FontForge ⟨https://fontforge.org/⟩ converts most outline font formats. Here's how we'd set up Roboto Slab Serif for use with *groff*. ``` MAP=/usr/share/groff/1.24.2/font/devps/generate/text.map TTF=/usr/share/fonts/truetype/roboto/slab/RobotoSlab-Regular.ttf BASE=$(basename "$TTF") INT=${BASE%.ttf} PFA=$INT.pfa AFM=$INT.afm GFN=RSR DIR=$HOME/.local/groff/font mkdir -p "$DIR"/devps fontforge -lang=ff -c "Open(\"$TTF\");\ Generate(\"$DIR/devps/$PFA\");" afmtodit "$DIR/devps/$AFM" "$MAP" "$DIR/devps/$GFN" printf "$BASE\t$PFA\n" >> "$DIR/devps/download" ``` *fontforge* and *afmtodit* may produce warnings depending on font file attributes. Test the font as follows. ``` printf ".ft RSR\nHello, world!\n" | groff -F "$DIR" > hello.ps ``` Once you're satisfied that the font works, you may want to generate any available related styles (for instance, Roboto Slab also has “Bold”, “Light”, and “Thin” styles) and set up *GROFF\_FONT\_PATH* in your environment to include the directory you keep the generated fonts in so that you don't have to use the **-F** option. ## Font installation For your convenience, *groff* offers *install-font.bash*, a shell script that interactively assists the configuration of fonts for use with the GNU *troff* formatter and the *grops* output driver. See section “Files” below. The following is a step-by-step font installation guide for *grops.* - • Convert your font to something *groff* understands. This is a PostScript Type 1 font in PFA format or a PostScript Type 42 font, together with an AFM file. A PFA file begins as follows. ``` %!PS-AdobeFont-1.0: ``` A PFB file contains this string as well, preceded by some non-printing bytes. If your font is in PFB format, use *groff*'s [*pfbtops*(1)](/pfbtops/1.md) program to convert it to PFA. For TrueType and other font formats, we recommend *fontforge*, which can convert most outline font formats. A Type 42 font file begins as follows. ``` %!PS-TrueTypeFont ``` This is a wrapper format for TrueType fonts. Old PostScript printers might not support them (that is, they might not have a built-in TrueType font interpreter). In the following steps, we will consider the use of CTAN's BrushScriptX-Italic ⟨https://\\:ctan.org/\\:tex\\-archive/\\:fonts/\\:brushscr⟩ font in PFA format. - • Convert the AFM file to a *groff* font description file with the [*afmtodit*(1)](/afmtodit/1.md) program. For instance, ``` $ afmtodit BrushScriptX-Italic.afm text.map BSI ``` converts the Adobe Font Metric file *BrushScriptX-Italic.afm* to the *groff* font description file *BSI*. - If you have a font family which provides regular upright (roman), bold, italic, and bold-italic styles (where “italic” may be “oblique” or “slanted”), we recommend using the letters **R**, **B**, **I**, and **BI**, respectively, as suffixes to the *groff* font family name to enable *groff*'s font family and style selection features. An example is *groff*'s built-in support for Times: the font family name is abbreviated as **T**, and the *groff* font names are therefore **TR**, **TB**, **TI**, and **TBI**. In our example, however, the BrushScriptX font is available in a single style only, italic. - • Install the *groff* font description file(s) in a *devps* subdirectory in the search path that *groff* uses for device and font file descriptions. See the *GROFF\_FONT\_PATH* entry in section “Environment” of [*troff*(1)](/troff/1.md) for the current value of the font search path. While *groff* doesn't directly use AFM files, it is a good idea to store them alongside its font description files. - • Register fonts in the *devps/download* file so they can be located for embedding in PostScript files *grops* generates. Only the first *download* file encountered in the font search path is read. If in doubt, copy the default *download* file (see section “Files” below) to the first directory in the font search path and add your fonts there. The PostScript font name used by *grops* is stored in the **internalname** field in the *groff* font description file. (This name does not necessarily resemble the font's file name.) We add the following line to *download*. ``` BrushScriptX-Italic→BrushScriptX-Italic.pfa ``` A tab character, depicted as →, separates the fields. - • Test the selection and embedding of the new font. ``` printf "\\f[BSI]Hello, world!\n" | groff -T ps >hello.ps see hello.pdf ``` ## Old fonts *groff* versions 1.19.2 and earlier contained descriptions of a slightly different set of the base 35 PostScript level 2 fonts defined by Adobe. The older set has 314 glyphs and a larger set of kerning pairs; the newer one has only 229 glyphs, but includes the Euro sign. For backward compatibility, these old font descriptions are also installed in the */usr/share/groff/1.24.2/oldfont/devps* directory. To use them, make sure that *grops* finds the fonts before the default system fonts (with the same names): either give *grops* the **-F** command-line option, ``` $ groff -Tps -P-F -P/usr/share/groff/1.24.2/oldfont ... ``` or add the directory to *groff*'s font and device description search path environment variable, ``` $ GROFF_FONT_PATH=/usr/share/groff/1.24.2/oldfont \ groff -Tps ... ``` when the command runs. ## Exit status *grops* exits with status **0** on successful operation, status **2** if the program cannot interpret its command-line arguments, and status **1** if it encounters an error during operation.\ ## Environment - *GROFF\_FONT\_PATH* A list of directories in which to seek the selected output device's directory of device and font description files. See [*troff*(1)](/troff/1.md) and [*groff\_font*(5)](/groff_font/5.md). - *GROPS\_PROLOGUE* If this is set to *foo*, then *grops* uses the file *foo* (in the font path) instead of the default prologue file *prologue*. The option **-P** overrides this environment variable. - *SOURCE\_DATE\_EPOCH* A timestamp (expressed as seconds since the Unix epoch) to use as the output creation timestamp in place of the current time. The time is converted to human-readable form using [*gmtime*(3)](/gmtime/3.md) and [*asctime*(3)](/asctime/3.md), and recorded in a PostScript comment. - *TZ* The time zone to use when converting the current time to human-readable form; see [*tzset*(3)](/tzset/3.md). If *SOURCE\_DATE\_EPOCH* is used, it is always converted to human-readable form using UTC. ## Files - */usr/share/groff/1.24.2/font/devps/DESC* describes the **ps** output device. - */usr/share/groff/1.24.2/font/devps/*F describes the font known as *F* on device **ps**. - */usr/share/groff/1.24.2/font/devps/download* lists fonts available for embedding within the PostScript document (or download to the device). - */usr/share/groff/1.24.2/font/devps/prologue* is the default PostScript prologue prefixed to every output file. - */usr/share/groff/1.24.2/font/devps/text.enc* describes the encoding scheme used by most PostScript Type 1 fonts; the **encoding** directive of font description files for the **ps** device refers to it. - */usr/share/groff/1.24.2/tmac/ps.tmac* defines macros for use with the **ps** output device. It is automatically loaded by *troffrc* when the **ps** output device is selected. - */usr/share/groff/1.24.2/tmac/pspic.tmac* defines the **PSPIC** macro for embedding images in a document; see [*groff\_tmac*(5)](/groff_tmac/5.md). It is automatically loaded by *troffrc.* - */usr/share/groff/1.24.2/tmac/psold.tmac* provides replacement glyphs for text fonts that lack complete coverage of the ISO Latin-1 character set; using it, *groff* can produce glyphs like eth (ð) and thorn (þ) that older PostScript printers do not natively support. - */usr/share/doc/groff-1.24.2/examples/install-font.bash* This script, contributed by *mom* macro package author Peter Schaffter and long available at his web site, assists with making TrueType (*.ttf*), OpenType (*.otf*), and PostScript Type 1 (*.pfa*, *.pfb*) fonts available to *groff*. - Change to its directory and run “**bash install-font.bash -H**” for a man page-like description of its features and operation. *grops* creates temporary files using the template “*grops*XXXXXX”; see [*groff*(1)](/groff/1.md). ## See also PostScript Language Document Structuring Conventions Specification ⟨http://\\:partners\\:.adobe\\:.com/\\:public/\\:developer/\\:en/\\:ps/\\:5001\\:.DSC\_Spec\\:.pdf⟩ [*afmtodit*(1)](/afmtodit/1.md), [*groff*(1)](/groff/1.md), [*troff*(1)](/troff/1.md), [*pfbtops*(1)](/pfbtops/1.md), [*groff\_char*(7)](/groff_char/7.md), [*groff\_font*(5)](/groff_font/5.md), [*groff\_out*(5)](/groff_out/5.md), [*groff\_tmac*(5)](/groff_tmac/5.md)