--- name: "ghc6" section: "1" platform: "linux" package: "ghc6" version: "6.12.1-13" release: "Debian 6.0 (Squeeze)" platforms: ["linux"] url: "https://new.carta.tech/ghc6" --- # ghc6(1) the Glasgow Haskell Compiler ## NAME GHC - the Glasgow Haskell Compiler ## SYNOPSIS **ghc** \[*option*\|*filename*\]...\ **ghci** \[*option*\|*filename*\]... ## DESCRIPTION This manual page documents briefly the **ghc** and **ghci** commands. Note that **ghci** is not yet available on all architectures. Extensive documentation is available in various other formats including DVI, PostScript and HTML; see below. Each of GHC's command line options is classified as either *static* or *dynamic*. A static flag may only be specified on the command line, whereas a dynamic flag may also be given in an `OPTIONS` pragma in a source file or set from the GHCi command-line with `:set`. As a rule of thumb, all the language options are dynamic, as are the warning options and the debugging options. The rest are static, with the notable exceptions of **-v**, **-cpp**, **-fasm**, **-fvia-C**, and **-#include**. The OPTIONS sections lists the status of each flag. Common suffixes of file names for Haskell are: - **.hs** Haskell source code; preprocess, compile - **.lhs** literate Haskell source; unlit, preprocess, compile - **.hi** Interface file; contains information about exported symbols - **.hc** intermediate C files - **.***x***\_o** way *x* object files; common ways are: **p**, **u**, **s** - **.***x***\_hi** way *x* interface files ## OPTIONS ### Help and verbosity options \-? -help -n -v -v*n* -V --supported-languages --info --version --numeric-version --print-libdir -ferror-spans -H*size* -Rghc-timing ### Which phases to run \-E -C -S -c -x *suffix* ### Alternative modes of operation \--interactive --make -e expr -M ### Redirecting output \-hcsuf *suffix* -hidir *dir* -hisuf *suffix* -o *filename* -odir *dir* -ohi *filename* -osuf *suffix* -stubdir *dir* -outputdir *dir* ### Keeping intermediate files \-keep-hc-file or\ \-keep-hc-files -keep-s-file or\ \-keep-s-files -keep-raw-s-file or\ \-keep-raw-s-files -keep-tmp-files ### Temporary files \-tmpdir ### Finding imports \-i*dir1*:*dir2*:... -i ### Interface file options \-ddump-hi -ddump-hi-diffs -ddump-minimal-imports --show-iface *file* ### Recompilation checking \-fforce-recomp -fno-force-recomp ### Interactive-mode options \-ignore-dot-ghci -read-dot-ghci -fbreak-on-exception -fno-break-on-exception -fbreak-on-error -fno-break-on-error -fprint-evld-with-show -fno-print-evld-with-show -fprint-bind-result -fno-print-bind-result -fno-print-bind-contents -fno-implicit-import-qualified ### Packages \-package-name *P* -package *P* -hide-all-packages -hide-package *name* -ignore-package *name* -package-conf *file* -no-user-package-conf ### Language options \-fglasgow-exts -fno-glasgow-exts -XOverlappingInstances -XNoOverlappingInstances -XIncoherentInstances -XNoIncoherentInstances -XUndecidableInstances -XNoUndecidableInstances -fcontext-stack=N*n* -XArrows -XNoArrows -XDisambiguateRecordFields -XNoDisambiguateRecordFields -XForeignFunctionInterface -XNoForeignFunctionInterface -XGenerics -XNoGenerics -XImplicitParams -XNoImplicitParams -firrefutable-tuples -fno-irrefutable-tuples -XNoImplicitPrelude -XImplicitPrelude -XNoMonomorphismRestriction -XMonomorphismRrestriction -XNoNPlusKPatterns -XNPlusKPatterns -XNoMonoPatBinds -XMonoPatBinds -XRelaxedPolyRec -XNoRelaxedPolyRec -XExtendedDefaultRules -XNoExtendedDefaultRules -XOverloadedStrings -XNoOverloadedStrings -XGADTs -XNoGADTs -XTypeFamilies -XNoTypeFamilies -XScopedTypeVariables -XNoScopedTypeVariables -XMonoLocalBinds -XNoMonoLocalBinds -XTemplateHaskell -XNoTemplateHaskell -XQuasiQuotes -XNoQuasiQuotes -XBangPatterns -XNoBangPatterns -XCPP -XNoCPP -XPatternGuards -XNoPatternGuards -XViewPatterns -XNoViewPatterns -XUnicodeSyntax -XNoUnicodeSyntax -XMagicHash -XNoMagicHash -XNewQualifiedOperators -XNoNewQualifiedOperators -XExplicitForALl -XNoExplicitForAll -XPolymorphicComponents -XNoPolymorphicComponents -XRank2Types -XNoRank2Types -XRankNTypes -XNoRankNTypes -XImpredicativeTypes -XNoImpredicativeTypes -XExistentialQuantification -XNoExistentialQuantification -XKindSignatures -XNoKindSignatures -XEmptyDataDecls -XNoEmptyDataDecls -XParallelListComp -XNoParallelListComp -XTransformListComp -XNoTransformListComp -XUnliftedFFITypes -XNoUnliftedFFITypes -XLiberalTypeSynonyms -XNoLiberalTypeSynonyms -XTypeOperators -XNoTypeOperators -XRecursiveDo -XNoRecursiveDo -XPArr -XNoPArr -XRecordWildCards -XNoRecordWildCards -XNamedFieldPuns -XNoNamedFieldPuns -XDisambiguateRecordFields -XNoDisambiguateRecordFields -XUnboxedTuples -XNoUnboxedTuples -XStandaloneDeriving -XNoStandaloneDeriving -XDeriveDataTypeable -XNoDeriveDataTypeable -XGeneralizedNewtypeDeriving -XNoGeneralizedNewtypeDeriving -XTypeSynonymInstances -XNoTypeSynonymInstances -XFlexibleContexts -XNoFlexibleContexts -XFlexibleInstances -XNoFlexibleInstances -XConstrainedClassMethods -XNoConstrainedClassMethods -XMultiParamTypeClasses -XNoMultiParamTypeClasses -XFunctionalDependencies -XNoFunctionalDependencies -XPackageImports -XNoPackageImports ### Warnings \-W -w -w -Wall -w -Werror -Wwarn -fwarn-unrecognised-pragmas -fno-warn-unrecognised-pragmas -fwarn-warnings-deprecations -fno-warn-warnings-deprecations -fwarn-deprecated-flags -fno-warn-deprecated-flags -fwarn-duplicate-exports -fno-warn-duplicate-exports -fwarn-hi-shadowing -fno-warn-hi-shadowing -fwarn-implicit-prelude -fno-warn-implicit-prelude -fwarn-incomplete-patterns -fno-warn-incomplete-patterns -fwarn-incomplete-record-updates -fno-warn-incomplete-record-updates -fwarn-missing-fields -fno-warn-missing-fields -fwarn-missing-methods -fno-warn-missing-methods -fwarn-missing-signatures -fno-warn-missing-signatures -fwarn-name-shadowing -fno-warn-name-shadowing -fwarn-orphans -fno-warn-orphans -fwarn-overlapping-patterns -fno-warn-overlapping-patterns -fwarn-simple-patterns -fno-warn-simple-patterns -fwarn-tabs -fno-warn-tabs -fwarn-type-defaults -fno-warn-type-defaults -fwarn-monomorphism-restriction -fno-warn-monomorphism-restriction -fwarn-unused-binds -fno-warn-unused-binds -fwarn-unused-imports -fno-warn-unused-imports -fwarn-unused-matches -fno-warn-unused-matches -fwarn-unused-do-bind -fno-warn-unused-do-bind -fwarn-wrong-do-bind -fno-warn-wrong-do-bind ### Optimisation levels \-O -O0 -O*n* -O0 ### Individual optimisations \-fcase-merge -fno-case-merge -fdicts-strict -fno-dicts-strict -fmethod-sharing -fno-method-sharing -fdo-eta-reduction -fno-do-eta-reduction -fdo-lambda-eta-expansion -fno-do-lambda-eta-expansion -fexcess-precision -fno-excess-precision -fignore-asserts -fno-ignore-asserts -fignore-interface-pragmas -fno-ignore-interface-pragmas -fomit-interface-pragmas -fno-omit-interface-pragmas -fmax-worker-args -fsimplifier-phases -fmax-simplifier-iterations -fno-state-hack -fcse -ffull-laziness -frewrite-rules -fno-rewrite-rules -fstrictness -fspec-constr -fspec-constr-threshold=*n* -fno-spec-constr-threshold -fspec-constr-count=*n* -fno-spec-constr-count -fliberate-case -fstatic-argument-transformation -fliberate-case-threshold=*n* -fno-liberate-case-threshold -funbox-strict-fields -fno-unbox-strict-fields -funfolding-creation-threshold -fno-unfolding-creation-threshold -funfolding-fun-discount -fno-unfolding-fun-discount -funfolding-keeness-factor -fno-unfolding-keeness-factor -funfolding-use-threshold -fno-unfolding-use-threshold -fno-pre-inlining -feager-blackholing ### Profiling options \-auto -no-auto -auto-all -no-auto-all -caf-all -no-caf-all -prof -ticky ### Program coverage options \-fhpc -hpcdir dir ### Haskell pre-processor options \-F ### C pre-processor options \-cpp -D*symbol*=*value* -U -U*symbol* -I*dir* ### Code generation options \-fasm -fvia-C -fno-code -fbyte-code -fobject-code ### Linking options \-shared -fPIC -dynamic -dynload -framework *name* -framework-path *name* -l*lib* -L*dir* -main-is --mk-dll -no-hs-main -no-link -split-objs -static -threaded -debug -eventlog -fno-gen-manifest -fno-embed-manifest -fno-shared-implib ### Replacing phases \-pgmL *cmd* -pgmP *cmd* -pgmc *cmd* -pgmm *cmd* -pgms *cmd* -pgma *cmd* -pgml *cmd* -pgmdll *cmd* -pgmF *cmd* -pgmwindres *cmd* ### Forcing options to particular phases \-optL *option* -optP *option* -optF *option* -optc *option* -optm *option* -opta *option* -optl *option* -optdll *option* -optwindres *option* ### Platform-specific options \-monly-\[432\]-regs ### External core file options \-fext-core ### Compiler debugging options \-dcore-lint -ddump-asm -ddump-bcos -ddump-cmm -ddump-cpranal -ddump-cse -ddump-deriv -ddump-ds -ddump-flatC -ddump-foreign -ddump-hpc -ddump-inlinings -ddump-occur-anal -ddump-opt-cmm -ddump-parsed -ddump-prep -ddump-rn -ddump-rules -ddump-simpl -ddump-simpl-phases -ddump-simpl-iterations -ddump-spec -ddump-splices -ddump-stg -ddump-stranal -ddump-tc -ddump-types -ddump-worker-wrapper -ddump-if-trace -ddump-tc-trace -ddump-rn-trace -ddump-rn-stats -ddump-simpl-stats -dno-debug-output -dppr-debug -dsuppress-uniques -dppr-noprags -dppr-user-length -dsource-stats -dcmm-lint -dstg-lint -dstg-stats -dverbose-core2core -dverbose-stg2stg -dshow-passes -dfaststring-stats ### Misc compiler options \-fno-hi-version-check -dno-black-holing -fhistory-size -funregisterised -fno-asm-mangling ## HELP AND VERBOSITY OPTIONS - **-?** help \[mode\] - **-help** help \[mode\] - **-n** do a dry run \[dynamic\] - **-v** verbose mode (equivalent to **-v3**) \[dynamic\] - **-v***n* set verbosity level \[dynamic\] - **-V** display GHC version \[mode\] - **--supported-languages** display the supported language extensions \[mode\] - **--info** display information about the compiler \[mode\] - **--version** display GHC version \[mode\] - **--numeric-version** display GHC version (numeric only) \[mode\] - **--print-libdir** display GHC library directory \[mode\] - **-ferror-spans** output full span in error messages \[static\] - **-H***size* Set the minimum heap size to *size* \[static\] - **-Rghc-timing** Summarise timing stats for GHC (same as `+RTS -tstderr`) \[static\] ## WHICH PHASES TO RUN - **-E** Stop after preprocessing (`.hspp` file) \[mode\] - **-C** Stop after generating C (`.hc` file) \[mode\] - **-S** Stop after generating assembly (`.s` file) \[mode\] - **-c** Do not link \[dynamic\] - **-x** *suffix* Override default behaviour for source files \[static\] ## ALTERNATIVE MODES OF OPERATION - **--interactive** Interactive mode - normally used by just running ghci; see for details. \[mode\] - **--make** Build a multi-module Haskell program, automatically figuring out dependencies. Likely to be much easier, and faster, than using make; see for details.. \[mode\] - **-e expr** Evaluate *expr*; see for details. \[mode\] - **-M** Generate dependency information suitable for use in a Makefile; see for details. \[mode\] ## REDIRECTING OUTPUT - **-hcsuf** *suffix* set the suffix to use for intermediate C files \[dynamic\] - **-hidir** *dir* set directory for interface files \[dynamic\] - **-hisuf** *suffix* set the suffix to use for interface files \[dynamic\] - **-o** *filename* set output filename \[dynamic\] - **-odir** *dir* set directory for object files \[dynamic\] - **-ohi** *filename* set the filename in which to put the interface \[dynamic\] - **-osuf** *suffix* set the output file suffix \[dynamic\] - **-stubdir** *dir* redirect FFi stub files \[dynamic\] - **-outputdir** *dir* set output directory \[dynamic\] ## KEEPING INTERMEDIATE FILES - **-keep-hc-file** or **-keep-hc-files** retain intermediate `.hc` files \[dynamic\] - **-keep-s-file** or **-keep-s-files** retain intermediate `.s` files \[dynamic\] - **-keep-raw-s-file** or **-keep-raw-s-files** retain intermediate `.raw_s` files \[dynamic\] - **-keep-tmp-files** retain all intermediate temporary files \[dynamic\] ## TEMPORARY FILES - **-tmpdir** set the directory for temporary files \[dynamic\] ## FINDING IMPORTS - **-i***dir1*:*dir2*:... add *dir*, *dir2*, etc. to import path \[static/`:set`\] - **-i** Empty the import directory list \[static/`:set`\] ## INTERFACE FILE OPTIONS - **-ddump-hi** Dump the new interface to stdout \[dynamic\] - **-ddump-hi-diffs** Show the differences vs. the old interface \[dynamic\] - **-ddump-minimal-imports** Dump a minimal set of imports \[dynamic\] - **--show-iface** *file* See . \[\] ## RECOMPILATION CHECKING - **-fforce-recomp** Turn off recompilation checking; implied by any **-ddump-X** option \[dynamic\] ## INTERACTIVE-MODE OPTIONS - **-ignore-dot-ghci** Disable reading of .ghci files \[static\] - **-read-dot-ghci** Enable reading of .ghci files \[static\] - **-fbreak-on-exception** Break on any exception thrown \[dynamic\] - **-fbreak-on-error** Break on uncaught exceptions and errors \[dynamic\] - **-fprint-evld-with-show** Enable usage of Show instances in `:print` \[dynamic\] - **-fprint-bind-result** Turn on printing of binding results in GHCi \[dynamic\] - **-fno-print-bind-contents** Turn off printing of binding contents in GHCi \[dynamic\] - **-fno-implicit-import-qualified** Turn off implicit qualified import of everything in GHCi \[dynamic\] ## PACKAGES - **-package-name** *P* Compile to be part of package *P* \[dynamic\] - **-package** *P* Expose package *P* \[static/`:set`\] - **-hide-all-packages** Hide all packages by default \[static\] - **-hide-package** *name* Hide package *P* \[static/`:set`\] - **-ignore-package** *name* Ignore package *P* \[static/`:set`\] - **-package-conf** *file* Load more packages from *file* \[static\] - **-no-user-package-conf** Don't load the user's package config file. \[static\] ## LANGUAGE OPTIONS - **-fglasgow-exts** Enable most language extensions \[dynamic\] - **-XOverlappingInstances** Enable overlapping instances \[dynamic\] - **-XIncoherentInstances** Enable incoherent instances. Implies **-XOverlappingInstances** \[dynamic\] - **-XUndecidableInstances** Enable undecidable instances \[dynamic\] - **-fcontext-stack=N***n* set the limit for context reduction. Default is 20. \[dynamic\] - **-XArrows** Enable arrow notation extension \[dynamic\] - **-XDisambiguateRecordFields** Enable record field disambiguation \[dynamic\] - **-XForeignFunctionInterface** Enable foreign function interface (implied by **-fglasgow-exts**) \[dynamic\] - **-XGenerics** Enable generic classes \[dynamic\] - **-XImplicitParams** Enable Implicit Parameters. Implied by **-fglasgow-exts**. \[dynamic\] - **-firrefutable-tuples** Make tuple pattern matching irrefutable \[dynamic\] - **-XNoImplicitPrelude** Don't implicitly `import Prelude` \[dynamic\] - **-XNoMonomorphismRestriction** Disable the monomorphism restriction \[dynamic\] - **-XNoNPlusKPatterns** Disable support for `n+k` patterns \[dynamic\] - **-XNoMonoPatBinds** Make pattern bindings polymorphic \[dynamic\] - **-XRelaxedPolyRec** Relaxed checking for mutually-recursive polymorphic functions \[dynamic\] - **-XExtendedDefaultRules** Use GHCi's extended default rules in a normal module \[dynamic\] - **-XOverloadedStrings** Enable overloaded string literals. \[dynamic\] - **-XGADTs** Enable generalised algebraic data types. \[dynamic\] - **-XTypeFamilies** Enable type families. \[dynamic\] - **-XScopedTypeVariables** Enable lexically-scoped type variables. Implied by **-fglasgow-exts**. \[dynamic\] - **-XMonoLocalBinds** Enable do not generalise local bindings. \[dynamic\] - **-XTemplateHaskell** Enable Template Haskell. No longer implied by **-fglasgow-exts**. \[dynamic\] - **-XQuasiQuotes** Enable quasiquotation. \[dynamic\] - **-XBangPatterns** Enable bang patterns. \[dynamic\] - **-XCPP** Enable the C preprocessor. \[dynamic\] - **-XPatternGuards** Enable pattern guards. \[dynamic\] - **-XViewPatterns** Enable view patterns. \[dynamic\] - **-XUnicodeSyntax** Enable unicode syntax. \[dynamic\] - **-XMagicHash** Allow "#" as a postfix modifier on identifiers. \[dynamic\] - **-XNewQualifiedOperators** Enable new qualified operator syntax \[dynamic\] - **-XExplicitForALl** Enable explicit universal quantification. Implied by **-XScopedTypeVariables**, **-XLiberalTypeSynonyms**, **-XRank2Types**, **-XRankNTypes**, **-XPolymorphicComponents**, **-XExistentialQuantification** \[dynamic\] - **-XPolymorphicComponents** Enable polymorphic components for data constructors. \[dynamic\] - **-XRank2Types** Enable rank-2 types. \[dynamic\] - **-XRankNTypes** Enable rank-N types. \[dynamic\] - **-XImpredicativeTypes** Enable impredicative types. \[dynamic\] - **-XExistentialQuantification** Enable existential quantification. \[dynamic\] - **-XKindSignatures** Enable kind signatures. \[dynamic\] - **-XEmptyDataDecls** Enable empty data declarations. \[dynamic\] - **-XParallelListComp** Enable parallel list comprehensions. \[dynamic\] - **-XTransformListComp** Enable generalised list comprehensions. \[dynamic\] - **-XUnliftedFFITypes** Enable unlifted FFI types. \[dynamic\] - **-XLiberalTypeSynonyms** Enable liberalised type synonyms. \[dynamic\] - **-XTypeOperators** Enable type operators. \[dynamic\] - **-XRecursiveDo** Enable recursive do (mdo) notation. \[dynamic\] - **-XPArr** Enable parallel arrays. \[dynamic\] - **-XRecordWildCards** Enable record wildcards. \[dynamic\] - **-XNamedFieldPuns** Enable record puns. \[dynamic\] - **-XDisambiguateRecordFields** Enable record field disambiguation. \[dynamic\] - **-XUnboxedTuples** Enable unboxed tuples. \[dynamic\] - **-XStandaloneDeriving** Enable standalone deriving. \[dynamic\] - **-XDeriveDataTypeable** Enable deriving for the Data and Typeable classes. \[dynamic\] - **-XGeneralizedNewtypeDeriving** Enable newtype deriving. \[dynamic\] - **-XTypeSynonymInstances** Enable type synonyms in instance heads. \[dynamic\] - **-XFlexibleContexts** Enable flexible contexts. \[dynamic\] - **-XFlexibleInstances** Enable flexible instances. \[dynamic\] - **-XConstrainedClassMethods** Enable constrained class methods. \[dynamic\] - **-XMultiParamTypeClasses** Enable multi parameter type classes. \[dynamic\] - **-XFunctionalDependencies** Enable functional dependencies. \[dynamic\] - **-XPackageImports** Enable package-qualified imports. \[dynamic\] ## WARNINGS - **-W** enable normal warnings \[dynamic\] - **-w** disable all warnings \[dynamic\] - **-Wall** enable almost all warnings (details in ) \[dynamic\] - **-Werror** make warnings fatal \[dynamic\] - **-Wwarn** make warnings non-fatal \[dynamic\] - **-fwarn-unrecognised-pragmas** warn about uses of pragmas that GHC doesn't recognise \[dynamic\] - **-fwarn-warnings-deprecations** warn about uses of functions & types that have warnings or deprecated pragmas \[dynamic\] - **-fwarn-deprecated-flags** warn about uses of commandline flags that are deprecated \[dynamic\] - **-fwarn-duplicate-exports** warn when an entity is exported multiple times \[dynamic\] - **-fwarn-hi-shadowing** warn when a `.hi` file in the current directory shadows a library \[dynamic\] - **-fwarn-implicit-prelude** warn when the Prelude is implicitly imported \[dynamic\] - **-fwarn-incomplete-patterns** warn when a pattern match could fail \[dynamic\] - **-fwarn-incomplete-record-updates** warn when a record update could fail \[dynamic\] - **-fwarn-missing-fields** warn when fields of a record are uninitialised \[dynamic\] - **-fwarn-missing-methods** warn when class methods are undefined \[dynamic\] - **-fwarn-missing-signatures** warn about top-level functions without signatures \[dynamic\] - **-fwarn-name-shadowing** warn when names are shadowed \[dynamic\] - **-fwarn-orphans** warn when the module contains orphan instance declarations or rewrite rules \[dynamic\] - **-fwarn-overlapping-patterns** warn about overlapping patterns \[dynamic\] - **-fwarn-simple-patterns** warn about lambda-patterns that can fail \[dynamic\] - **-fwarn-tabs** warn if there are tabs in the source file \[dynamic\] - **-fwarn-type-defaults** warn when defaulting happens \[dynamic\] - **-fwarn-monomorphism-restriction** warn when the Monomorphism Restriction is applied \[dynamic\] - **-fwarn-unused-binds** warn about bindings that are unused \[dynamic\] - **-fwarn-unused-imports** warn about unnecessary imports \[dynamic\] - **-fwarn-unused-matches** warn about variables in patterns that aren't used \[dynamic\] - **-fwarn-unused-do-bind** warn about do bindings that appear to throw away values of types other than `()` \[dynamic\] - **-fwarn-wrong-do-bind** warn about do bindings that appear to throw away monadic values that you should have bound instead \[dynamic\] ## OPTIMISATION LEVELS - **-O** Enable default optimisation (level 1) \[dynamic\] - **-O***n* Set optimisation level *n* \[dynamic\] ## INDIVIDUAL OPTIMISATIONS - **-fcase-merge** Enable case-merging. Implied by **-O**. \[dynamic\] - **-fdicts-strict** Make dictionaries strict \[static\] - **-fmethod-sharing** Share specialisations of overloaded functions (default) \[dynamic\] - **-fdo-eta-reduction** Enable eta-reduction. Implied by **-O**. \[dynamic\] - **-fdo-lambda-eta-expansion** Enable lambda eta-reduction \[dynamic\] - **-fexcess-precision** Enable excess intermediate precision \[dynamic\] - **-fignore-asserts** Ignore assertions in the source \[dynamic\] - **-fignore-interface-pragmas** Ignore pragmas in interface files \[dynamic\] - **-fomit-interface-pragmas** Don't generate interface pragmas \[dynamic\] - **-fmax-worker-args** If a worker has that many arguments, none will be unpacked anymore (default: 10) \[static\] - **-fsimplifier-phases** Set the number of phases for the simplifier (default 2). Ignored with **-O0**. \[dynamic\] - **-fmax-simplifier-iterations** Set the max iterations for the simplifier \[dynamic\] - **-fno-state-hack** Turn off the "state hack" whereby any lambda with a real-world state token as argument is considered to be single-entry. Hence OK to inline things inside it. \[static\] - **-fcse** Turn on common sub-expression elimination. Implied by **-O**. \[dynamic\] - **-ffull-laziness** Turn on full laziness (floating bindings outwards). Implied by **-O**. \[dynamic\] - **-frewrite-rules** Switch on all rewrite rules (including rules generated by automatic specialisation of overloaded functions). Implied by **-O**. \[dynamic\] - **-fstrictness** Turn on strictness analysis. Implied by **-O**. \[dynamic\] - **-fspec-constr** Turn on the SpecConstr transformation. Implied by **-O2**. \[dynamic\] - **-fspec-constr-threshold**=*n* Set the size threshold for the SpecConstr transformation to *n* (default: 200) \[static\] - **-fspec-constr-count**=*n* Set to *n* (default: 3) the maximum number of specialisations that will be created for any one function by the SpecConstr transformation \[static\] - **-fliberate-case** Turn on the liberate-case transformation. Implied by **-O2**. \[dynamic\] - **-fstatic-argument-transformation** Turn on the static argument transformation. Implied by **-O2**. \[dynamic\] - **-fliberate-case-threshold**=*n* Set the size threshold for the liberate-case transformation to *n* (default: 200) \[static\] - **-funbox-strict-fields** Flatten strict constructor fields \[dynamic\] - **-funfolding-creation-threshold** Tweak unfolding settings \[static\] - **-funfolding-fun-discount** Tweak unfolding settings \[static\] - **-funfolding-keeness-factor** Tweak unfolding settings \[static\] - **-funfolding-use-threshold** Tweak unfolding settings \[static\] - **-fno-pre-inlining** Turn off pre-inlining \[static\] - **-feager-blackholing** Turn on eager blackholing \[dynamic\] ## PROFILING OPTIONS - **-auto** Auto-add `_scc_`s to all exported functions \[dynamic\] - **-auto-all** Auto-add `_scc_`s to all top-level functions \[dynamic\] - **-caf-all** Auto-add `_scc_`s to all CAFs \[dynamic\] - **-prof** Turn on profiling \[static\] - **-ticky** Turn on ticky-ticky profiling \[static\] ## PROGRAM COVERAGE OPTIONS - **-fhpc** Turn on Haskell program coverage instrumentation \[static\] - **-hpcdir dir** Directory to deposit .mix files during compilation (default is .hpc) \[dynamic\] ## HASKELL PRE-PROCESSOR OPTIONS - **-F** Enable the use of a pre-processor (set with **-pgmF**) \[dynamic\] ## C PRE-PROCESSOR OPTIONS - **-cpp** Run the C pre-processor on Haskell source files \[dynamic\] - **-D***symbol*=*value* Define a symbol in the C pre-processor \[dynamic\] - **-U***symbol* Undefine a symbol in the C pre-processor \[dynamic\] - **-I***dir* Add *dir* to the directory search list for `#include` files \[dynamic\] ## CODE GENERATION OPTIONS - **-fasm** Use the native code generator \[dynamic\] - **-fvia-C** Compile via C \[dynamic\] - **-fno-code** Omit code generation \[dynamic\] - **-fbyte-code** Generate byte-code \[dynamic\] - **-fobject-code** Generate object code \[dynamic\] ## LINKING OPTIONS - **-shared** Generate a shared library (as opposed to an executable) \[dynamic\] - **-fPIC** Generate position-independent code (where available) \[static\] - **-dynamic** Use dynamic Haskell libraries (if available) \[static\] - **-dynload** Selects one of a number of modes for finding shared libraries at runtime. \[static\] - **-framework** *name* On Darwin/MacOS X only, link in the framework *name*. This option corresponds to the **-framework** option for Apple's Linker. \[dynamic\] - **-framework-path** *name* On Darwin/MacOS X only, add *dir* to the list of directories searched for frameworks. This option corresponds to the **-F** option for Apple's Linker. \[dynamic\] - **-l***lib* Link in library *lib* \[dynamic\] - **-L***dir* Add *dir* to the list of directories searched for libraries \[dynamic\] - **-main-is** Set main module and function \[dynamic\] - **--mk-dll** DLL-creation mode (Windows only) \[dynamic\] - **-no-hs-main** Don't assume this program contains `main` \[dynamic\] - **-no-link** Omit linking \[dynamic\] - **-split-objs** Split objects (for libraries) \[dynamic\] - **-static** Use static Haskell libraries \[static\] - **-threaded** Use the threaded runtime \[static\] - **-debug** Use the debugging runtime \[static\] - **-eventlog** Enable runtime event tracing \[static\] - **-fno-gen-manifest** Do not generate a manifest file (Windows only) \[dynamic\] - **-fno-embed-manifest** Do not embed the manifest in the executable (Windows only) \[dynamic\] - **-fno-shared-implib** Don't generate an import library for a DLL (Windows only) \[dynamic\] ## REPLACING PHASES - **-pgmL** *cmd* Use *cmd* as the literate pre-processor \[dynamic\] - **-pgmP** *cmd* Use *cmd* as the C pre-processor (with **-cpp** only) \[dynamic\] - **-pgmc** *cmd* Use *cmd* as the C compiler \[dynamic\] - **-pgmm** *cmd* Use *cmd* as the mangler \[dynamic\] - **-pgms** *cmd* Use *cmd* as the splitter \[dynamic\] - **-pgma** *cmd* Use *cmd* as the assembler \[dynamic\] - **-pgml** *cmd* Use *cmd* as the linker \[dynamic\] - **-pgmdll** *cmd* Use *cmd* as the DLL generator \[dynamic\] - **-pgmF** *cmd* Use *cmd* as the pre-processor (with **-F** only) \[dynamic\] - **-pgmwindres** *cmd* Use *cmd* as the program for embedding manifests on Windows. \[dynamic\] ## FORCING OPTIONS TO PARTICULAR PHASES - **-optL** *option* pass *option* to the literate pre-processor \[dynamic\] - **-optP** *option* pass *option* to cpp (with **-cpp** only) \[dynamic\] - **-optF** *option* pass *option* to the custom pre-processor \[dynamic\] - **-optc** *option* pass *option* to the C compiler \[dynamic\] - **-optm** *option* pass *option* to the mangler \[dynamic\] - **-opta** *option* pass *option* to the assembler \[dynamic\] - **-optl** *option* pass *option* to the linker \[dynamic\] - **-optdll** *option* pass *option* to the DLL generator \[dynamic\] - **-optwindres** *option* pass *option* to `windres`. \[dynamic\] ## PLATFORM-SPECIFIC OPTIONS - **-monly-\[432\]-regs** (x86 only) give some registers back to the C compiler \[dynamic\] ## EXTERNAL CORE FILE OPTIONS - **-fext-core** Generate .hcr external Core files \[dynamic\] ## COMPILER DEBUGGING OPTIONS - **-dcore-lint** Turn on internal sanity checking \[dynamic\] - **-ddump-asm** Dump assembly \[dynamic\] - **-ddump-bcos** Dump interpreter byte code \[dynamic\] - **-ddump-cmm** Dump C-- output \[dynamic\] - **-ddump-cpranal** Dump output from CPR analysis \[dynamic\] - **-ddump-cse** Dump CSE output \[dynamic\] - **-ddump-deriv** Dump deriving output \[dynamic\] - **-ddump-ds** Dump desugarer output \[dynamic\] - **-ddump-flatC** Dump \`flat' C \[dynamic\] - **-ddump-foreign** Dump `foreign export` stubs \[dynamic\] - **-ddump-hpc** Dump after instrumentation for program coverage \[dynamic\] - **-ddump-inlinings** Dump inlining info \[dynamic\] - **-ddump-occur-anal** Dump occurrence analysis output \[dynamic\] - **-ddump-opt-cmm** Dump the results of C-- to C-- optimising passes \[dynamic\] - **-ddump-parsed** Dump parse tree \[dynamic\] - **-ddump-prep** Dump prepared core \[dynamic\] - **-ddump-rn** Dump renamer output \[dynamic\] - **-ddump-rules** Dump rules \[dynamic\] - **-ddump-simpl** Dump final simplifier output \[dynamic\] - **-ddump-simpl-phases** Dump output from each simplifier phase \[dynamic\] - **-ddump-simpl-iterations** Dump output from each simplifier iteration \[dynamic\] - **-ddump-spec** Dump specialiser output \[dynamic\] - **-ddump-splices** Dump TH spliced expressions, and what they evaluate to \[dynamic\] - **-ddump-stg** Dump final STG \[dynamic\] - **-ddump-stranal** Dump strictness analyser output \[dynamic\] - **-ddump-tc** Dump typechecker output \[dynamic\] - **-ddump-types** Dump type signatures \[dynamic\] - **-ddump-worker-wrapper** Dump worker-wrapper output \[dynamic\] - **-ddump-if-trace** Trace interface files \[dynamic\] - **-ddump-tc-trace** Trace typechecker \[dynamic\] - **-ddump-rn-trace** Trace renamer \[dynamic\] - **-ddump-rn-stats** Renamer stats \[dynamic\] - **-ddump-simpl-stats** Dump simplifier stats \[dynamic\] - **-dno-debug-output** Suppress unsolicited debugging output \[static\] - **-dppr-debug** Turn on debug printing (more verbose) \[static\] - **-dsuppress-uniques** Suppress the printing of uniques in debug output (easier to use diff. \[static\] - **-dppr-noprags** Don't output pragma info in dumps \[static\] - **-dppr-user-length** Set the depth for printing expressions in error msgs \[static\] - **-dsource-stats** Dump haskell source stats \[dynamic\] - **-dcmm-lint** C-- pass sanity checking \[dynamic\] - **-dstg-lint** STG pass sanity checking \[dynamic\] - **-dstg-stats** Dump STG stats \[dynamic\] - **-dverbose-core2core** Show output from each core-to-core pass \[dynamic\] - **-dverbose-stg2stg** Show output from each STG-to-STG pass \[dynamic\] - **-dshow-passes** Print out each pass name as it happens \[dynamic\] - **-dfaststring-stats** Show statistics for fast string usage when finished \[dynamic\] ## MISC COMPILER OPTIONS - **-fno-hi-version-check** Don't complain about `.hi` file mismatches \[static\] - **-dno-black-holing** Turn off black holing (probably doesn't work) \[static\] - **-fhistory-size** Set simplification history size \[static\] - **-funregisterised** Unregisterised compilation (use **-unreg** instead) \[static\] - **-fno-asm-mangling** Turn off assembly mangling (use **-unreg** instead) \[dynamic\] ## FILES */usr/lib* ## COPYRIGHT Copyright 2002, The University Court of the University of Glasgow.\ All rights reserved. ## AUTHOR This manual page was generated from the XML documentation of GHC with blood, sweat, tears and a breaks-if-you-look-at-it-the-wrong-way XSL stylesheet originally written by Michael Weber \ for the Debian GNU/Linux system (but may be used by others).