---
name: "explain_ptrace"
section: "3"
platform: "linux"
package: "libexplain-dev"
version: "1.4.D001-16"
release: "Debian 13 (Trixie)"
platforms: ["linux"]
url: "https://new.carta.tech/explain_ptrace"
---

# explain\_ptrace(3)

explain ptrace(2) errors

## NAME

explain\_ptrace - explain [*ptrace*(2)](/ptrace/2.md) errors

## SYNOPSIS

\#include \<libexplain/ptrace.h\>

const char \*explain\_ptrace(int request, pid\_t pid, void \*addr, void \*data);\
 const char \*explain\_errno\_ptrace(int errnum, int request, pid\_t pid, void \*addr, void \*data);\
 void explain\_message\_ptrace(char \*message, int message\_size, int request, pid\_t pid, void \*addr, void \*data);\
 void explain\_message\_errno\_ptrace(char \*message, int message\_size, int errnum, int request, pid\_t pid, void \*addr, void \*data);

## DESCRIPTION

These functions may be used to obtain explanations for errors returned by the [*ptrace*(2)](/ptrace/2.md) system call.

### explain\_ptrace

const char \*explain\_ptrace(int request, pid\_t pid, void \*addr, void \*data);

The **explain\_ptrace** function is used to obtain an explanation of an error returned by the [*ptrace*(2)](/ptrace/2.md) system call. The least the message will contain is the value of `strerror(errno)`, but usually it will do much better, and indicate the underlying cause in more detail.

The *errno* global variable will be used to obtain the error value to be decoded.

- *request*

  The original request, exactly as passed to the [*ptrace*(2)](/ptrace/2.md) system call.

- *pid*

  The original pid, exactly as passed to the [*ptrace*(2)](/ptrace/2.md) system call.

- *addr*

  The original addr, exactly as passed to the [*ptrace*(2)](/ptrace/2.md) system call.

- *data*

  The original data, exactly as passed to the [*ptrace*(2)](/ptrace/2.md) system call.

- Returns:

  The message explaining the error. This message buffer is shared by all libexplain functions which do not supply a buffer in their argument list. This will be overwritten by the next call to any libexplain function which shares this buffer, including other threads.

**Note:** This function is **not** thread safe, because it shares a return buffer across all threads, and many other functions in this library.

**Example:** This function is intended to be used in a fashion similar to the following example:

`long result = ptrace(request, pid, addr, data);`\
 `if (result < 0)`

```
{
```

`fprintf(stderr, "%s\n", explain_ptrace(request, pid, addr, data));`

```
    exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
}
```

The above code example is available pre-packaged as the [*explain\_ptrace\_or\_die*(3)](/explain_ptrace_or_die/3.md) function.

### explain\_errno\_ptrace

const char \*explain\_errno\_ptrace(int errnum, int request, pid\_t pid, void \*addr, void \*data);

The **explain\_errno\_ptrace** function is used to obtain an explanation of an error returned by the [*ptrace*(2)](/ptrace/2.md) system call. The least the message will contain is the value of `strerror(errno)`, but usually it will do much better, and indicate the underlying cause in more detail.

- *errnum*

  The error value to be decoded, usually obtained from the *errno* global variable just before this function is called. This is necessary if you need to call **any** code between the system call to be explained and this function, because many libc functions will alter the value of *errno*.

- *request*

  The original request, exactly as passed to the [*ptrace*(2)](/ptrace/2.md) system call.

- *pid*

  The original pid, exactly as passed to the [*ptrace*(2)](/ptrace/2.md) system call.

- *addr*

  The original addr, exactly as passed to the [*ptrace*(2)](/ptrace/2.md) system call.

- *data*

  The original data, exactly as passed to the [*ptrace*(2)](/ptrace/2.md) system call.

- Returns:

  The message explaining the error. This message buffer is shared by all libexplain functions which do not supply a buffer in their argument list. This will be overwritten by the next call to any libexplain function which shares this buffer, including other threads.

**Note:** This function is **not** thread safe, because it shares a return buffer across all threads, and many other functions in this library.

**Example:** This function is intended to be used in a fashion similar to the following example:

`long result = ptrace(request, pid, addr, data);`\
 `if (result < 0)`

```
{
    int err = errno;
```

`fprintf(stderr, "%s\n", explain_errno_ptrace(err, request, pid, addr,` `data));`

```
    exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
}
```

The above code example is available pre-packaged as the [*explain\_ptrace\_or\_die*(3)](/explain_ptrace_or_die/3.md) function.

### explain\_message\_ptrace

void explain\_message\_ptrace(char \*message, int message\_size, int request, pid\_t pid, void \*addr, void \*data);

The **explain\_message\_ptrace** function is used to obtain an explanation of an error returned by the [*ptrace*(2)](/ptrace/2.md) system call. The least the message will contain is the value of `strerror(errno)`, but usually it will do much better, and indicate the underlying cause in more detail.

The *errno* global variable will be used to obtain the error value to be decoded.

- *message*

  The location in which to store the returned message. If a suitable message return buffer is supplied, this function is thread safe.

- *message\_size*

  The size in bytes of the location in which to store the returned message.

- *request*

  The original request, exactly as passed to the [*ptrace*(2)](/ptrace/2.md) system call.

- *pid*

  The original pid, exactly as passed to the [*ptrace*(2)](/ptrace/2.md) system call.

- *addr*

  The original addr, exactly as passed to the [*ptrace*(2)](/ptrace/2.md) system call.

- *data*

  The original data, exactly as passed to the [*ptrace*(2)](/ptrace/2.md) system call.

**Example:** This function is intended to be used in a fashion similar to the following example:

`long result = ptrace(request, pid, addr, data);`\
 `if (result < 0)`

```
{
    char message[3000];
```

`explain_message_ptrace(message, sizeof(message), request, pid, addr, data);`

```
    fprintf(stderr, "%s\n", message);
    exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
}
```

The above code example is available pre-packaged as the [*explain\_ptrace\_or\_die*(3)](/explain_ptrace_or_die/3.md) function.

### explain\_message\_errno\_ptrace

void explain\_message\_errno\_ptrace(char \*message, int message\_size, int errnum, int request, pid\_t pid, void \*addr, void \*data);

The **explain\_message\_errno\_ptrace** function is used to obtain an explanation of an error returned by the [*ptrace*(2)](/ptrace/2.md) system call. The least the message will contain is the value of `strerror(errno)`, but usually it will do much better, and indicate the underlying cause in more detail.

- *message*

  The location in which to store the returned message. If a suitable message return buffer is supplied, this function is thread safe.

- *message\_size*

  The size in bytes of the location in which to store the returned message.

- *errnum*

  The error value to be decoded, usually obtained from the *errno* global variable just before this function is called. This is necessary if you need to call **any** code between the system call to be explained and this function, because many libc functions will alter the value of *errno*.

- *request*

  The original request, exactly as passed to the [*ptrace*(2)](/ptrace/2.md) system call.

- *pid*

  The original pid, exactly as passed to the [*ptrace*(2)](/ptrace/2.md) system call.

- *addr*

  The original addr, exactly as passed to the [*ptrace*(2)](/ptrace/2.md) system call.

- *data*

  The original data, exactly as passed to the [*ptrace*(2)](/ptrace/2.md) system call.

**Example:** This function is intended to be used in a fashion similar to the following example:

`long result = ptrace(request, pid, addr, data);`\
 `if (result < 0)`

```
{
    int err = errno;
    char message[3000];
```

`explain_message_errno_ptrace(message, sizeof(message), err, request, pid,` `addr, data);`

```
    fprintf(stderr, "%s\n", message);
    exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
}
```

The above code example is available pre-packaged as the [*explain\_ptrace\_or\_die*(3)](/explain_ptrace_or_die/3.md) function.

## SEE ALSO

- [*ptrace*(2)](/ptrace/2.md)

  process trace

- [*explain\_ptrace\_or\_die*(3)](/explain_ptrace_or_die/3.md)

  process trace and report errors

## COPYRIGHT

libexplain version 1.4\
 Copyright (C) 2010 Peter Miller