---
name: "direwolf"
section: "1"
platform: "linux"
package: "direwolf"
version: "1.7+dfsg-2+deb13u1"
release: "Debian 13 (Trixie)"
platforms: ["linux"]
url: "https://new.carta.tech/direwolf"
---

# direwolf(1)

Soundcard TNC for packet radio.

## NAME

direwolf - Soundcard TNC for packet radio.

## SYNOPSIS

**direwolf** \[ *options* \] \[ - \| **udp:**9999 \]

The first audio channel can be streamed thru stdin or a UDP port.  This is typically used with an SDR receiver.

## DESCRIPTION

**direwolf**  is a software "soundcard" modem/TNC and APRS encoder/decoder.    It can be used stand-alone to receive APRS messages, as a digipeater,  APRStt gateway, or Internet Gateway (IGate).     It can also be used as a virtual TNC for other applications such as  APRSIS32, UI-View32, Xastir, APRS-TW, YAAC, UISS, Linux AX25, SARTrack,  RMS Express, and many others.

## OPTIONS

- **-c** *file*

  Read configuration file from specified location rather than the default locations.

- **-l** *logdir*

  Generate daily log files in specified directory.  Use "." for current directory.

- **-L** *logfile*

  Generate single log file with fixed name.

- **-r** *n*

  Audio sample rate per second for first channel.  Default 44100.

- **-n** *n*

  Number of audio channels for first device.  1 or 2.  Default 1.

- **-b** *n*

  Audio sample size for first channel.  8 or 16.  Default 16.

- **-B** *n*

  Data rate in bits/sec for first channel.  Standard values are 300, 1200, 2400, 4800, 9600.

  300 bps defaults to AFSK tones of 1600 & 1800.

  1200 bps uses AFSK tones of 1200 & 2200.

  2400 bps uses QPSK based on V.26 standard.

  4800 bps uses 8PSK based on V.27 standard.

  9600 bps and up uses K9NG/G3RUH standard.

  AIS for ship Automatic Identification System.

  EAS for Emergency Alert System (EAS) Specific Area Message Encoding (SAME).

- **-g**

  Force G3RUH modem regardless of data rate.

- **-j**

  2400 bps QPSK compatible with Dire Wolf \<= 1.5.

- **-J**

  2400 bps QPSK compatible with MFJ-2400.

- **-D** *n*

  Divide audio sample by n for first channel.

- **-X** *n*

  1 to enable FX.25 transmit.  16, 32, 64 for specific number of check bytes.

- **-I** *n*

  Enable IL2P transmit.  n=1 is recommended.  0 uses weaker FEC.

- **-i** *n*

  Enable IL2P transmit, inverted polarity.  n=1 is recommended.  0 uses weaker FEC.

- **-d** *x*

  Debug options.  Specify one or more of the following in place of x.

  a = AGWPE network protocol client.

  k = KISS serial port client.

  n = Network KISS client.

  u = Display non-ASCII text in hexadecimal.

  p = Packet dump in hexadecimal.

  g = GPS interface.

  W = Waypoints for position or object reports.

  t = Tracker beacon.

  o = Output controls such as PTT and DCD.

  i = IGate

  h = Hamlib verbose level.  Repeat for more.

  m = Monitor heard station list.

  f = Packet filtering.

  x = FX.25 increase verbose level.

  d = APRStt (DTMF to APRS object conversion).

- **-q** *x*

  Quiet (suppress output). Specify one or more of the following in place of x.

  h = Heard line with the audio level.

  d = Decoding of APRS packets.

  x = Silence FX.25 information.

- **-t** *n*

  Text colors.  0=disabled. 1=default.  2,3,4,... alternatives.  Use 9 to test compatibility with your terminal.

- **-p**

  Enable pseudo terminal for KISS protocol.

- **-x**

  Send Xmit level calibration tones.

  a = Alternating mark/space tones.

  m = steady Mark tone (e.g. 1200 Hz)

  s = steady Space tone (e.g. 2200 Hz)

  p = selence (set Ptt only).

  Optionally add a number to specify radio channel.

- **-u**

  Print UTF-8 test string and exit.

- **-S**

  Print Symbol tables and exit.

- **-a** *n*

  Report audio device statistics each n seconds.

- **-T** *fmt*

  Time stamp format for sent and received frames.

- **-e** *ber*

  Receive Bit Error Rate (BER), e.g. 1e-5

## EXAMPLES

gqrx (2.3 and later) has the ability to send streaming audio through a UDP socket to another application for further processing.  direwolf can listen over a UDP port with options like this:

direwolf -n 1 -r 48000 -b 16 udp:7355

Other SDR applications might produce audio on stdout so it is convenient to pipe into the next application.  In this example, the final "-" means read from stdin.

rtl\_fm -f 144.39M -o 4 - \| direwolf -n 1 -r 24000 -b 16 -

## SEE ALSO

More detailed information is in the PDF files at https://github.com/wb2osz/direwolf/tree/master/doc/.

Applications in this package: aclients, atest, cm108, decode\_aprs, direwolf, gen\_packets, kissutil, ll2utm, log2gpx, text2tt, tt2text, utm2ll