---
name: "Mail::Box::Mbox::Message"
section: "3pm"
platform: "linux"
package: "perl-mail-box"
version: "4.02-1"
release: "Arch Linux 2026-11-01"
platforms: ["linux"]
url: "https://new.carta.tech/Mail::Box::Mbox::Message"
---

# Mail::Box::Mbox::Message(3pm)

one message in a Mbox folder

## NAME

Mail::Box::Mbox::Message - one message in a Mbox folder

## INHERITANCE

```
 Mail::Box::Mbox::Message
   is a Mail::Box::File::Message
   is a Mail::Box::Message
   is a Mail::Message
   is a Mail::Reporter
```

## SYNOPSIS

```
  my $folder  = Mail::Box::Mbox->new(folder => $ENV{MAIL}, ...);
  my $message = $folder->message(0);
```

## DESCRIPTION

Maintain one message in an Mail::Box::Mbox folder.

Extends "DESCRIPTION" in Mail::Box::File::Message.

## METHODS

Extends "METHODS" in Mail::Box::File::Message.

## DETAILS

Extends "DETAILS" in Mail::Box::File::Message.

## DIAGNOSTICS

- Error: Cannot include forward source as $kind.

  Unknown alternative for the forward(include).  Valid choices are `"NO"`, `"INLINE"`, `"ATTACH"`, and `"ENCAPSULATE"`. Cast by `forward()`

- Error: No default mailer found to send message.

  The message **send()** mechanism had not enough information to automatically find a mail transfer agent to sent this message.  Specify a mailer explicitly using the `"via"` options. Cast by `send()`

- Error: Unable to read delayed body.

  Cast by `loadBody()`

- Error: cannot coerce a $type object into a $me object.

  Cast by `coerce()`

- Error: cannot include reply source as $kind.

  Unknown alternative for the `"include"` option of **reply()**.  Valid choices are `"NO"`, `"INLINE"`, and `"ATTACH"`. Cast by `reply()`

- Error: cannot read message from a $source.

  Cast by `read()`

- Error: class $package does not implement method $method.

  Fatal error: the specific `$package` (or one of its superclasses) does not implement this method where it should. This message means that some other related classes do implement this method however the class at hand does not.  Probably you should investigate this and probably inform the author of the package. Cast by `notImplemented()`

- Error: coercion starts with some object, not '$type'.

  Cast by `coerce()`

- Error: method bounce requires To, Cc, or Bcc.

  The message **bounce()** method forwards a received message off to someone else without modification; you must specified it's new destination. If you have the urge not to specify any destination, you probably are looking for **reply()**. When you wish to modify the content, use **forward()**. Cast by `bounce()`

- Error: method forwardAttach requires a preamble.

  Cast by `forwardAttach()`

- Error: method forwardEncapsulate requires a preamble.

  Cast by `forwardEncapsulate()`

- Error: method forwardNo requires a To.

  Cast by `forwardNo()`

- Error: method forwardNo requires a body.

  Cast by `forwardNo()`

- Error: no rebuild rule $name defined.

  Cast by `rebuild()`

- Error: only **build()** Mail::Message's; they are not in a folder yet.

  You may wish to construct a message to be stored in a some kind of folder, but you need to do that in two steps.  First, create a normal Mail::Message, and then add it to the folder.  During this **Mail::Box::addMessage()** process, the message will get **coerce()**-d into the right message type, adding storage information and the like. Cast by `build()`

- Error: please install Email::Simple.

  Cast by `coerce()`

- Error: please install MIME::Entity.

  Cast by `coerce()`

- Error: please install Mail::Internet.

  Cast by `coerce()`

- Error: select parts via '$what'?

  Cast by `parts()`

- Warning: skipped unknown key '$key' in build.

  Cast by `build()`

## SEE ALSO

This module is part of Mail-Box version 4.02, built on April 10, 2026. Website: *http://perl.overmeer.net/CPAN/*

## LICENSE

For contributors see file ChangeLog.

This software is copyright (c) 2001-2026 by Mark Overmeer.

This is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the same terms as the Perl 5 programming language system itself.